具体描述
内容简介
Published in 1919, Winesburg, Ohio is Sherwood Anderson's masterpiece, a work in which he achieved the goal to which he believed all true writers should aspire: to see and feel "all of life within." In a perfectly imagined world, an archetypal small American town, he reveals the hidden passions that turn ordinary lives into unforgettable ones. Unified by the recurring presence of young George Willard, and played out against the backdrop of Winesburg, Anderson's loosely connected chapters, or stories, coalesce into a powerful novel.
In such tales as "Hands," the portrayal of a rural berry picker still haunted by the accusations of homosexuality that ended his teaching career, Anderson's vision is as acute today as it was over eighty-five years ago. His intuitive ability to home in on examples of timeless, human conflicts—a workingman deciding if he should marry the woman who is to bear his child, an unhappy housewife who seeks love from the town's doctor, an unmarried high school teacher sexually attracted to a pupil—makes this book not only immensely readable but also deeply meaningful. An important influence on Faulkner, Hemingway, and others who were drawn to Anderson's innovative format and psychological insights, Winesburg, Ohio deserves a place among the front ranks of our nation's finest literary achievements. 作者简介
Sherwood Anderson (1876-1941) spent most of his boyhood in Clyde, Ohio, the model for Winesburg, Ohio. And like the central figure of that work, Anderson left small-town life behind after his mother's death, when he was nineteen. After serving in the Spanish-American War, the mostly self-taught Anderson became successful advertising copywriter in Chicago. Then in 1912, torn between his responsibilities and his drive to create, he had a breakdown that has become legendary. Having become the owner of a small factory, Anderson abruptly walked from his office and wandered about for four days in a trancelike state before ending up in an Ohio hospital. Realizing he must devote his life to writing, he finally broke with his wife and family and joined Carl Sandburg and Theodore Dreiser, who were at the core of Chicago's literary group. By 1925, Anderson had demonstrated such talent that H.L. Mencken called him "America's most distinguished novelist." A mentor of William Faulkner and Thomas Wolfe, Anderson was known for his colloquial style and his exploration of gender and sexuality in relationships. His works of fiction include Windy McPherson's Son (1916); Poor White (1920); The Triumph of the Egg (1921), a short-story collection; and Dark Laughter (1925). Also important are his autobiographical works: A Story Teller's Story (1924), Tar: A Midwest Childhood (1926), and Sherwood Anderson's Memoirs (1942). He died of peritonitis on a trip abroad when a broken toothpick perforated his intestines. 精彩书评
"When he calls himself a 'poor scribbler' don't believe him. He is not a poor scribbler... he is a very great writer."
——Ernest Hemingway
"Winesburg, Ohio, when it first appeared, kept me up a whole night in a steady crescendo of emotion."
——Hart Crane
"As a rule, first books show more bravado than anything else, unless it be tediousness. But there is neither of these qualities in Winesburg, Ohio... These people live and breathe: they are beautiful."
——E. M. Forster
"Winesburg, Ohio is an extraordinarily good book. But it is not fiction. It is poetry."
——Rebecca West 精彩书摘
The writer, an old man with a white mustache, had some difficulty in getting into bed. The windows of the house in which he lived were high and he wanted to look at the trees when he awoke in the morning. A carpenter came to fix the bed so that it would be on a level with the window.
Quite a fuss was made about the matter. The carpenter, who had been a soldier in the Civil War, came into the writer's room and sat down to talk of building a platform for the purpose of raising the bed. The writer had cigars lying about and the carpenter smoked.
For a time the two men talked of the raising of the bed and then they talked of other things. The soldier got on the subject of the war. The writer, in fact, led him to that subject. The carpenter had once been a prisoner in Andersonville prison and had lost a brother. The brother had died of starvation, and whenever the carpenter got upon that subject he cried. He, like the old writer, had a white mustache, and when he cried he puckered up his lips and the mustache bobbed up and down. The weeping old man with the cigar in his mouth was ludicrous. The plan the writer had for the raising of his bed was forgotten and later the carpenter did it in his own way and the writer, who was past sixty, had to help himself with a chair when he went to bed at night.
In his bed the writer rolled over on his side and lay quite still. For years he had been beset with notions concerning his heart. He was a hard smoker and his heart fluttered. The idea had got into his mind that he would some time die unexpectedly and always when he got into bed he thought of that. It did not alarm him. The effect in fact was quite a special thing and not easily explained. It made him more alive, there in bed, than at any other time. Perfectly still he lay and his body was old and not of much use any more, but something inside him was altogether young. He was like a pregnant woman, only that the thing inside him was not a baby but a youth. No, it wasn't a youth, it was a woman, young, and wearing a coat of mail like a knight. It is absurd, you see, to try to tell what was inside the old writer as he lay on his high bed and listened to the fluttering of his heart. The thing to get at is what the writer, or the young thing within the writer, was thinking about.
The old writer, like all of the people in the world, had got, during his long life, a great many notions in his head. He had once been quite handsome and a number of women had been in love with him. And then, of course, he had known people, many people, known them in a peculiarly intimate way that was different from the way in which you and I know people. At least that is what the writer thought and the thought pleased him. Why quarrel with an old man concerning his thoughts?
In the bed the writer had a dream that was not a dream. As he grew somewhat sleepy but was still conscious, figures began to appear before his eyes. He imagined the young indescribable thing within himself was driving a long procession of figures before his eyes.
You see the interest in all this lies in the figures that went before the eyes of the writer. They were all grotesques. All of the men and women the writer had ever known had become grotesques.
The grotesques were not all horrible. Some were amusing, some almost beautiful, and one, a woman all drawn out of shape, hurt the old man by her grotesqueness. When she passed he made a noise like a small dog whimpering. Had you come into the room you might have supposed the old man had unpleasant dreams or perhaps indigestion.
For an hour the procession of grotesques passed before the eyes of the old man, and then, although it was a painful thing to do, he crept out of bed and began to write. Some one of the grotesques had made a deep impression on his mind and he wanted to describe it.
At his desk the writer worked for an hour. In the end he wrote a book which he called 'The Book of the Grotesque.' It was never published, but I saw it once and it made an indelible impression on my mind. The book had one central thought that is very strange and has always remained with me. By remembering it I have been able to understand many people and things that I was never able to understand before. The thought was involved but a simple statement of it would be something like this:
That in the beginning when the world was young there were a great many thoughts but no such thing as a truth. Man made the truths himself and each truth was a composite of a great many vague thoughts. All about in the world were the truths and they were all beautiful.
The old man had listed hundreds of the truths in his book. I will not try to tell you of all of them. There was the truth of virginity and the truth of passion, the truth of wealth and of poverty, of thrift and of profligacy, of carelessness and abandon. Hundreds and hundreds were the truths and they were all beautiful.
And then the people came along. Each as he appeared snatched up one of the truths and some who were quite strong snatched up a dozen of them.
It was the truths that made the people grotesques. The old man had quite an elaborate theory concerning the matter. It was his notion that the moment one of the people took one of the truths to himself, called it his truth, and tried to live his life by it, he became a grotesque and the truth he embraced became a falsehood.
You can see for yourself how the old man, who had spent all of his life writing and was filled with words, would write hundreds of pages concerning this matter. The subject would become so big in his mind that he himself would be in danger of becoming a grotesque. He didn't, I suppose, for the same reason that he never published the book. It was the young thing inside him that saved the old man.
Concerning the old carpenter who fixed the bed for the writer, I only mentioned him because he, like many of what are called very common people, became the nearest thing to what is understandable and lovable of all the grotesques in the writer's book.
好的,这是一份图书简介,主题是关于美国文学中对小镇生活和人性深度探索的经典作品,但不涉及《惠茨堡,俄亥俄州》(Winesburg, Ohio)。 --- 书名: 《寂静之声:美国小镇的灵魂肖像》 作者: [虚构作者名,例如:伊莱亚斯·霍尔顿] 出版社: [虚构出版社名,例如:海岸线文学出版社] 装帧: 精装/平装(视具体版本) 简介: 《寂静之声:美国小镇的灵魂肖像》是一部深刻而细腻的美国中西部文学杰作,它将读者带入一个看似平静实则暗流涌动的虚构小镇——“黑溪镇”(Black Creek)。这部作品并非一个传统意义上的连贯叙事小说,而是一系列相互关联、相互映照的短篇故事集,共同勾勒出美国“镀金时代”末期至“咆哮的二十年代”初期,美国心脏地带小镇生活的复杂图景。 作者伊莱亚斯·霍尔顿以其标志性的、近乎冷峻的洞察力,揭示了在高度同质化的社会表象下,个体心灵深处的挣扎、渴望与异化。黑溪镇的居民们,大多是农场主、手工业者、小型企业主以及他们家庭中的女性和后代,他们的生活被刻板的道德规范、代际间的隔阂以及对外界世界(尤其是大都市)的既敬畏又向往的复杂情感所定义。 核心主题的深度剖析: 一、隐秘的孤独与沟通的障碍 霍尔顿对“孤独”的描绘达到了极高的艺术水准。在黑溪镇,人与人之间仿佛被无形的玻璃墙隔开。小说中的角色们常常生活在自己构建的心理孤岛中,他们渴望被理解,却又害怕暴露内心的脆弱与“不合时宜”的想法。 例如,“邮局的沉默者”一章,聚焦于镇上的邮递员詹姆斯·莫罗。他每天接触镇上所有的信件——那些关于疾病、债务、私情的私人讯息——却从未找到一个可以倾诉自己对诗歌和远方的热切梦想的对象。他的沉默是镇上集体沉默的缩影,一种对社会期望的屈从,也是对自身被压抑天性的痛苦保护。 再如,小说探索了家庭内部沟通的失败。父母与子女之间,往往因对“进步”和“传统”的不同理解而产生难以逾越的鸿沟。他们共处一室,却在精神层面上相隔万里,各自怀揣着难以言说的秘密和遗憾。 二、梦想的腐蚀与现实的重压 黑溪镇是美国梦在现实中被磨损的试验场。许多角色怀揣着离开小镇、追求更高成就的雄心壮志,但最终被生活的惯性、家庭的责任或自身的怯懦所束缚。 “铁匠的徒弟”一章是这一主题的典范。年轻的汤姆渴望成为一名工程师,绘制出横跨密西西比河的大桥蓝图。然而,当他必须接管年迈父亲的铁匠铺以维持生计时,他的图纸便被锁在了堆满灰尘的工具箱底部。霍尔顿细腻地描绘了梦想如何在日常的劳作中被一点点“锈蚀”的过程,那是一种比失败更令人心寒的缓慢死亡。 三、道德的灰度与表象的维护 小镇生活依赖于一个脆弱的、公开的道德契约。每个人都努力扮演着“好公民”的角色,维护着社区的和谐表象。然而,在夜幕降临或在私密的角落里,这些精心构建的围墙便开始松动。 小说并没有简单地批判虚伪,而是深入探究了这种“表象维护”的必要性。它探讨了在缺乏现代社会匿名性的环境中,个体如何为了生存而不断地自我审查、自我规训。镇上的牧师、校董和富裕的银行家,他们维护着最严格的道德标准,但他们的内心往往藏着最深的挣扎和对自由的隐秘向往。这种双重生活,是小镇人性的核心矛盾。 四、时间与记忆的流逝 《寂静之声》的叙事结构本身就带有强烈的对时间流逝的沉思。故事在不同年代间跳跃,通过老照片、废弃的建筑和流传的民间传说,构建出一种既怀旧又疏离的氛围。小镇的街道和建筑,如同角色的心灵一样,承载着被遗忘的过去和未实现的诺言。这种对历史重量的感知,使得每一位居民都成为了他们所居住土地的活化石,被困在了不断重复的季节循环中。 文学手法与风格: 霍尔顿的笔触冷峻而精确,善于运用环境描写来暗示人物的内在状态。黑溪镇的天气——漫长而严酷的冬季,以及夏日午后令人窒息的潮湿——无不反映着人物内心的压抑与停滞。他极少使用冗长的心理分析,而是通过人物的细微动作、无意间的对视、或是一件遗失的物品,将角色的深层情感精准地投射出来。 《寂静之声:美国小镇的灵魂肖像》是对美国身份认同中“地方性”和“局限性”的一次重要审视。它迫使读者直面那些在现代高速发展中被忽视的群体,思考个体在被集体规范化的社会中,如何寻找并坚守自己真实的声音。这是一部需要慢读、需要回味的作品,它如同黑溪镇的冬夜,初看寂寥,细品之下,却充满了令人久久不能忘怀的生命张力。 推荐读者: 喜爱现代美国现实主义文学、对社会心理学和地方性文化研究感兴趣的读者,以及任何试图理解个体如何在群体结构中定义自我的探索者。 ---