![《教育心理学：理论与实践》（第10版，英文版） [Educational Psychology：Theory and Practice (10e)]](https://pic.qciss.net/12087973/5930d5afN33de2b8e.jpg)
具体描述
编辑推荐
适读人群 ：心理学、教育学专业的教师、学生及研究者，以及各类教育工作者《教育心理学：理论与实践》（第10版）在内容体系的构架、事例的科学性、实用性以及可读性等方面堪称典范，第7版引进国内后得到学界的普遍好评，是一部经得起时间检验又与时俱进的优质教材；
作者罗伯特·斯莱文是美国约翰·霍普金斯大学终身教授、教育研究与改革中心主任，英国约克大学有效教育研究中心主任以及“让所有人都成功”基金会主席，曾多次荣获美国教育研究会和国家教育委员会颁发的重要奖项，本书融汇了作者数十年的教学经验和研究成果；
《教育心理学：理论与实践》（第10版）秉承“理论知识与实用策略并举、多元教学理念与方法并存”的宗旨，既如学术专著般全面、严谨、前沿，又具有可读性和实用性，为解决教师在日常课程中遇到的实际问题提供了基于课堂研究的建议；
《教育心理学：理论与实践》（第10版）通过大量的真实案例将理论与实践明确地联系起来，帮助你把教育心理学中学到的知识迁移到自己的教学中去；写作风格让你在阅读它时有身临其境的感觉，似乎能听到学生的话语，闻到学校食堂午餐的香味；
第10版介绍了多个主题的研究以及实践应用，更新了656篇参考文献，2000年以后的文献占全部参考文献中的55%，反映了近十年来教育心理学及教育实践的*发展和趋势；
中国心理学界泰斗张厚粲教授、中国心理学会教育心理学专业委员会主任陈英和教授倾力推荐；
教育部高等学校心理学教学指导委员会推荐用书。
内容简介
美国著名教育心理学家、约翰·霍普金斯大学罗伯特·斯莱文教授撰写的《教育心理学：理论与实践》（第10 版）是一部堪称典范的心理学教材，在内容体系的构架、事例的科学性、实用性以及可读性等方面广受赞誉。
《教育心理学：理论与实践》（第10 版）不仅介绍了教育心理学领域内的主要理论、基本概念、基本规律与方法，而且通过大量的真实案例将理论与实践明确地联系起来，教会读者如何将教育心理学的理论知识迁移到现实的课堂教学中，成长为一名“有意识的教师”。作者秉承了理论知识与实用策略并举、多元教学理念与方法并存的特色，每一章都以一幕场景开始，阐释该章强调的实践问题，之后的“理论应用于实践”和“有意识的教师”专栏则提供了进一步的具体策略，以供教师用来改善学生的学习。
《教育心理学：理论与实践》（第10 版）对全书进行了修订，增补了新实例，精炼了语言，删除了过时的或无关紧要的内容，补充了教育心理学近十年来的新进展及656 篇新的参考文献。《教育心理学：理论与实践》（第10 版）既可作为高等院校教育心理学课程的教材或参考书，供心理学、教育学专业的教师、学生及研究者使用，也适合各类教育工作者参考阅读。
作者简介
罗伯特·斯莱文（Robert E. Slavin）是美国约翰·霍普金斯大学教育研究与改革中心主任、英国约克大学有效教育研究中心主任以及“让所有人都成功”基金会主席。他于1975 年在约翰·霍普金斯大学获社会关系学博士学位，迄今撰写了200 余篇关于合作学习、能力分组、学校和班级组织、废除种族歧视、纳入主流、研究评论以及实证改革等方面的论文和书中章节。斯莱文博士的著作（包括与他人合著）多达20 部，包括《合作学习》《学校和班级组织》《针对高危学生的有效方案》《预防早期的学业失败》《200万儿童：让所有人都成功》《拉丁裔学生的有效项目》《问责制时代的教育研究》。1985 年，斯莱文博士因应用项目研究而荣获了美国教育研究会（AERA）颁发的雷蒙德·卡特尔早期职业奖；1988 年，他在美国教育研究会主办的学术期刊上获得了帕尔默·约翰逊*论文奖；1994 年获得查尔斯·达纳奖，1998 年获得美国国家教育委员会颁发的詹姆斯·布赖恩特·科南特奖，2000 年获得州首席教育官员联合会颁发的杰出贡献奖；2008年他在美国教育研究会主办的杂志上再次获得帕尔默·约翰逊*论文奖，2009 年获得AERA 研究综述奖。
目录
Brief Contents
CHAPTER 1 Educational Psychology: A Foundation for Teaching 1
CHAPTER 2 Cognitive, Language, and Literacy Development 28
CHAPTER 3 Social, Moral, and Emotional Development 52
CHAPTER 4 Student Diversity 78
CHAPTER 5 Behavioral Theories of Learning 114
CHAPTER 6 Information Processing and Cognitive Theories of Learning 142
CHAPTER 7 The Effective Lesson 182
CHAPTER 8 Student-Centered and Constructivist Approaches to Instruction 216
CHAPTER 9 Grouping, Differentiation, and Technology 248
CHAPTER 10 Motivating Students to Learn 284
CHAPTER 11 Effective Learning Environments 314
CHAPTER 12 Learners with Exceptionalities 352
CHAPTER 13 Assessing Student Learning 396
CHAPTER 14 Standardized Tests and Accountability 446
Appendix Using This Text to Prepare for the Praxis? Principles of Learning and Teaching Exam 482
References 497
精彩书摘
What Makes a Good Teacher? What makes a good teacher? Is it warmth, humor, and the ability to care about people? Is it planning, hard work, and self-discipline? What about leadership, enthusiasm, a contagious love of learning, and speaking ability? Most people would agree that all of these qualities are needed to make a good teacher, and they would certainly be correct (see Wayne & Youngs, 2003). But these qualities are not enough.
■ Knowing the Subject Matters (But So Does Teaching Skill)
There is an old joke that goes like this:
Question: What do you need to know to be able to teach a horse? Answer: More than the horse!
This joke makes the obvious point that the first thing a teacher must have is some knowledge or skills that the learner does not have; you must know the subject matter you plan to teach. But if you think about teaching horses (or children), you will soon realize that although subject matter knowledge is necessary, it is not enough. A rancher may have a good idea of how a horse is supposed to act and what a horse is supposed to be able to do, but if he doesn’t have the skills to make an untrained, scared, and unfriendly animal into a good saddle horse, he’s going to end up with nothing but broken ribs and teeth marks for his trouble. Children are a lot smarter and a little more forgiving than horses, but teaching them has this in common with teaching horses: Knowledge of how to transmit information and skills is at least as important as knowledge of the information and skills themselves. We have all had teachers (most often college professors, unfortunately) who were brilliant and thoroughly knowledgeable in their fields but who could not teach. Ellen Mathis may know as much as Leah Washington about what good writing should be, but she has a lot to learn about how to get thirdgraders to write well.
For effective teaching, subject matter knowledge is not a question of being a walking encyclopedia. Vast knowledge is readily available. However, effective teachers not only know their subjects but also can communicate their knowledge to students. The celebrated high school math teacher Jaime Escalante taught the concept of positive and negative numbers to students in a Los Angeles barrio by explaining that when you dig a hole, you might call the pile of dirt +1, the hole –1. What do you get when you put the dirt back in the hole? Zero. Escalante’s ability to relate the abstract concept of positive and negative numbers to everyday experience is one example of how the ability to communicate knowledge goes far beyond simply knowing the facts.
■ Mastering Teaching Skills
The link between what a teacher wants students to learn and students’ actual learning is called instruction, or pedagogy. Effective instruction is not a simple matter of one person with more knowledge transmitting that knowledge to another. If telling were teaching, this book would be unnecessary. Rather, effective instruction demands the use of many strategies.
For example, suppose Paula Ray wants to teach a lesson on statistics to a diverse class of fourth-graders. To do so, Paula must accomplish many related tasks. She must make sure that the class is orderly and that students know what behavior is expected of them. She must find out whether students have the prerequisite skills; for example, students need to be able to add and divide to find averages. If any do not, Paula must find a way to teach students those skills. She must engage students in activities that lead them toward an understanding of statistics, such as having students roll dice, play cards, or collect data from experiments; and she must use teaching strategies that help students remember what they have been taught. The lessons should also take into account the intellectual and social characteristics of students in the fourth grade and the intellectual, social, and cultural characteristics of these particular students. Paula must make sure that students are interested in the lesson and motivated to learn statistics. To see whether students are learning what is being taught, she may ask questions or use quizzes or have students demonstrate their understanding by setting up and interpreting experiments, and she must respond appropriately if these assessments show that students are having problems. After the series of lessons on statistics ends, Paula should review this topic from time to time to ensure that it is remembered.
These tasks—motivating students, managing the classroom, assessing prior knowledge, communicating ideas effectively, taking into account the characteristics of the learners, assessing learning outcomes, and reviewing information—must be attended to at all levels of education, in or out of schools. They apply as much to the training of astronauts as to the teaching of reading. How these tasks are accomplished, however, differs widely according to the ages of the students, the objectives of instruction, and other factors.
What makes a good teacher is the ability to carry out all the tasks involved in effective instruction (Burden & Byrd, 2003; Kennedy, 2006). Warmth, enthusiasm, and caring are essential (Cornelius-White, 2007; Eisner, 2006), as is subject matter knowledge and understanding of how children learn (Wiggins & McTighe, 2006). But it is the successful accomplishment of all the tasks of teaching that makes for instructional effectiveness (Shulman, 2000).
■ Can Good Teaching Be Taught?
Some people think that good teachers are born that way. Outstanding teachers sometimes seem to have a magic, a charisma that mere mortals could never hope to achieve. Yet research has begun to identify the specific behaviors and skills that make a “magic” teacher (Borman & Kimball, 2005). An outstanding teacher does nothing that any other teacher cannot also do—it is just a question of knowing the principles of effective teaching and how to apply them. Take one small example: In a high school history class, two students in the back of the class are whispering to each other, and they are not discussing the Treaty of Paris! The teacher slowly walks toward them without looking, continuing his lesson as he walks. The students stop whispering and pay attention. If you didn’t know what to look for, you might miss this brief but critical interchange and believe that the teacher just has a way with students, a knack for keeping their attention. But the teacher is simply applying principles of classroom management that anyone could learn: Maintain momentum in the lesson, deal with behavior problems by using the mildest intervention that will work, and resolve minor problems before they become major ones. When Jaime Escalante gave the example of digging a hole to illustrate the concept of positive and negative numbers, he was also applying several important principles of educational psychology: Make abstract ideas concrete by using many examples, relate the content of instruction to the students’ background, state rules, give examples, and then restate rules.
Can good teaching be taught? The answer is definitely yes. Good teaching has to be observed and practiced, but there are principles of good teaching that teachers need to know, which can then be applied in the classroom. The major components of effective instruction are summarized in Figure 1.1.
前言/序言
When I first set out to write Educational Psychology: Theory and Practice, I had a very clear purpose in mind. I wanted to give tomorrow’s teachers the intellectual grounding and practical strategies they will need to be effective instructors. Most of the textbooks published then, I felt, fell into one of two categories: stuffy or lightweight. The stuffy books were full of research but were ponderously written, losing the flavor of the classroom and containing few guides to practice. The lightweight texts were breezy and easy to read but lacked the dilemmas and intellectual issues brought out by research. They contained suggestions of the “Try this!” variety, without considering evidence about the effectiveness of those strategies.
My objective was to write a text that
Presents information that is as complete and up to date as the most research-focused texts but is also readable, practical, and filled with examples and illustrations of key ideas.
Includes suggestions for practice based directly on classroom research (tempered by common sense) so I can have confidence that when you try what I suggest, it will be likely to work.
Helps you transfer what you learn in educational psychology to your own teaching by making explicit the connection between theory and practice through numerous realistic examples. Even though I have been doing educational research since the mid-1970s, I find that I never really understand theories or concepts in education until someone gives me a compelling classroom example; and I believe that most of my colleagues (and certainly teacher education students) feel the same way. As a result, the word example or similar words appear hundreds of times in this text.
Appeals to readers; therefore, I have tried to write in such a way that you will almost hear students’ voices and smell the lunch cooking in the school cafeteria as you read.
These have been my objectives for the book from the first edition to this, the tenth edition. With every edition, I have made changes throughout the text, adding new examples, refining language, and deleting dated or unessential material. I am meticulous about keeping the text up to date, so this edition has more than 2,000 reference citations, 55 percent of which are from 2000 or later. The tenth edition is updated with more than 656 new references. Although some readers may not care much about citations, I want you and your professors to know what research supports the statements I’ve made and where to find additional information.
The field of educational psychology and the practice of education have changed a great deal in recent years, and I have tried to reflect these changes in this edition. Several years ago, direct instruction and related teacher effectiveness research were dominant in educational psychology. Then constructivist methods, portfolio and performance assessments, and other humanistic strategies returned. Now, the emphasis is on accountability, which requires teachers more than ever to plan outcomes and teach purposefully, qualities that I emphasize in this edition as intentional teaching. In the earliest editions of this text, I said that we shouldn’t entirely discard discovery learning and humanistic methods despite the popularity, then, of direct instruction. In the next editions, I made just the opposite plea: that we shouldn’t completely discard direct instruction despite the popularity of active, student-centered teaching and constructivist methods of instruction. I continue to advocate a balanced approach to instruction. No matter what their philosophical orientations, experienced teachers know that they must be proficient in a wide range of methods and must use them thoughtfully.
The tenth edition presents new research and practical applications of many topics. Throughout, this edition reflects the “cognitive revolution” that has transformed educational psychology and teaching. The accompanying figure presents a concept map of the book’s organization.
Given the developments in education in recent years, particularly with the introduction of the No Child Left Behind legislation in 2001 and the focus on standards and accountability that continues in the Obama administration, no one can deny that teachers matter or that teachers’ behaviors have a profound impact on student achievement. To make that impact positive, teachers must have both a deep understanding of the powerful principles of psychology as they apply to education and a clear sense of how these principles can be applied. The intentional teacher is one who constantly reflects on his or her practices and makes instructional decisions based on a clear conception of how these practices affect students. Effective teaching is neither a bag of tricks nor a set of abstract principles; rather, it is intelligent application of well-understood principles to address practical needs. I hope this edition will help you develop the intellectual and practical skills you need to do the most important job in the world—teaching.
New and Expanded Coverage
Among the many topics that receive new or expanded coverage in this edition are:
21st century skills (Chapter 1 and 21st Century Learning features throughout the text)
Language and literacy development in the elementary years (Chapter 2)
New research on bilingual education (Chapter 4)
Emerging research in neuroscience (Chapter 6)
Expanded coverage on study strategies (Chapter 6)
The latest research on cooperative learning (Chapter 8)
New research on tutoring and small group remediation for struggling readers (Chapter 9)
More on differentiated instruction (Chapter 9)
New coverage of technology applications (Chapter 9)
New sections on bullying and classroom management (Chapter 11)
Expanded coverage of Response to Intervention (Chapter 12)
Expanded coverage of IEPs (Chapter 12)
Expanded coverage of autism spectrum disorder (Chapter 12)
Additional coverage of value-added assessments (Chapter 14)
New information on testing accommodations for English learners (Chapter 14)
New Appendix that correlates the content of each chapter to corresponding topics within the Praxis? Principles of Learning and Teaching Tests
656 new and updated references, 55 percent of which are from 2000 or later
用户评价
评分
评分
评分
评分
评分
评分
评分
评分
相关图书
本站所有内容均为互联网搜索引擎提供的公开搜索信息，本站不存储任何数据与内容，任何内容与数据均与本站无关，如有需要请联系相关搜索引擎包括但不限于百度，google,bing,sogou 等
© 2025 book.cndgn.com All Rights Reserved. 新城书站 版权所有