Algorithms to Live By: The Computer Science of Human Decisions
出版社: Picador; Reprint (2017年4月4日)
平装: 368页
语种: 英语
ISBN: 1250118360
条形码: 9781250118363
商品尺寸: 15.9 x 2.5 x 23.6 cm
品牌: Picador
ASIN: 1250118360
商品描述
媒体推荐
“A remarkable book... A solid, research-based book that’s applicable to real life. The algorithms the authors discuss are, in fact, more applicable to real-life problems than I’d have ever predicted.... It’s well worth the time to find a copy of Algorithms to Live By and dig deeper.”
―Forbes
“By the end of the book, I was convinced. Not because I endorse the idea of living like some hyper-rational Vulcan, but because computing algorithms could be a surprisingly useful way to embrace the messy compromises of real, non-Vulcan life.”
―The Guardian (UK)
“I absolutely reveled in this book... It's the perfect antidote to the argument you often hear from young math students: ‘What's the point? I'll never use this in real life!’... The whole business, whether it's the relative simplicity of the 37% rule or the mind-twisting possibilities of game theory, is both potentially practical and highly enjoyable as presented here. Recommended.”
―Popular Science (UK)
“An entertaining, intelligently presented book... Craftily programmed to build from one good idea to the next... The value of being aware of algorithmic thinking―of the thornier details of ‘human algorithm design,’ as Christian and Griffiths put it―is not just better problem solving, but also greater insight into the human mind. And who doesn’t want to know how we tick?”
―Kirkus Reviews
“Compelling and entertaining, Algorithms to Live By is packed with practical advice about how to use time, space, and effort more efficiently. And it’s a fascinating exploration of the workings of computer science and the human mind. Whether you want to optimize your to-do list, organize your closet, or understand human memory, this is a great read.”
―Charles Duhigg, author of The Power of Habit
“In this remarkably lucid, fascinating, and compulsively readable book, Christian and Griffiths show how much we can learn from computers. We’ve all heard about the power of algorithms―but Algorithms to Live Byactually explains, brilliantly, how they work, and how we can take advantage of them to make better decisions in our own lives.”
―Alison Gopnik, coauthor of The Scientist in the Crib
“I’ve been waiting for a book to come along that merges computational models with human psychology―and Christian and Griffiths have succeeded beyond all expectations. This is a wonderful book, written so that anyone can understand the computer science that runs our world―and more importantly, what it means to our lives.”
―David Eagleman, author of Incognito: The Secret Lives of the Brain
作者简介
Brian Christian is the author of The Most Human Human, a Wall Street Journal bestseller, New York Times editors’ choice, and a New Yorker favorite book of the year. His writing has appeared in The New Yorker, The Atlantic, Wired, The Wall Street Journal, The Guardian, and The Paris Review, as well as in scientific journals such as Cognitive Science, and has been translated into eleven languages. He lives in San Francisco.
Tom Griffiths is a professor of psychology and cognitive science at UC Berkeley, where he directs the Computational Cognitive Science Lab. He has published more than 150 scientific papers on topics ranging from cognitive psychology to cultural evolution, and has received awards from the National Science Foundation, the Sloan Foundation, the American Psychological Association, and the Psychonomic Society, among others. He lives in Berkeley.
读完后,我发现自己看待世界的方式产生了一种微妙的偏移。过去,很多选择题,比如“是现在就开始做这个报告,还是再等一下收集更多信息”,往往陷入情绪化的焦虑。这本书提供了一种‘最优停止’(Optimal Stopping)的视角,这对我处理拖延症简直是醍醐灌顶。它没有提供一个绝对的答案,而是提供了一个决策阈值——即“你知道自己已经搜集了足够多的信息,应该开始行动了”的那个点。这种对不确定性的量化处理,极大地缓解了我的“完美主义陷阱”。更让我印象深刻的是它对‘探索与利用’(Explore vs. Exploit)平衡的探讨。在职业发展上,我总是纠结于要不要跳槽到全新的领域(探索),还是深耕现有擅长的领域(利用)。这本书将这种权衡置于一个概率模型中,提醒我不能无休止地探索而放弃实际产出,也不能过度利用已知优势而错过时代的新机遇。这种结构化的思维工具,远比那些泛泛而谈的成功学书籍来得实在和耐嚼。
评分这本书的行文风格非常流畅且富有启发性,它成功地将那些本应深奥难懂的计算机理论,用日常生活中随处可见的例子串联起来,使得即便是对技术背景一窍不通的读者也能轻松跟上思路。比如,书中用排队理论来分析服务效率,这立刻让我联想到了我们公司冗长低效的会议流程——如果管理者能理解“等待时间的方差”对整体士气和效率的影响,或许会更倾向于设置清晰的议程而非开放式的讨论。它教会我的不是如何写代码,而是如何构建一个更优化的“人生框架”。特别是关于‘哈希函数’的应用,让我重新审视了自己对信息的分类和检索方式。我开始尝试用更高效的“标签系统”来整理我的数字文件和知识笔记,而不是依赖于模糊的记忆或层级过深的文件夹结构。这种思维的迁移,让我的日常信息管理效率提升了不止一个档次,仿佛给大脑安装了一个更快的索引系统。
评分这本关于算法的著作,虽然核心概念围绕着如何将计算机科学的逻辑应用于日常生活,但它的魅力恰恰在于其普适性和深刻的反思性。我阅读这本书的初衷,其实是想寻找一些提高效率的“窍门”,期待能找到一些立竿见影的工具。然而,书中呈现的远不止于此。它像一把精密的解剖刀,将我们习以为常的决策过程——从“如何选择一个好的停车位”到“如何管理待办事项列表”——拆解成一系列可量化的、具有理论支撑的步骤。特别是关于“缓存淘汰策略”的章节,让我对清理旧物和接受新知识有了全新的认识。我过去常常因为不舍得扔掉旧资料而占据了大量的精神和物理空间,这本书提供了一个明确的框架去判断“这个信息或物品在未来被调用的概率有多低”,这比单纯的“断舍离”更具说服力,因为它基于一种数学上的期望值。这种从抽象的计算机科学原理中提炼出生活智慧的能力,让我对算法的敬畏感油然而生。它并非教你如何成为程序员,而是教你如何像一个高效的、逻辑严谨的系统一样去思考,从而减少决策疲劳。
评分这本书最成功的地方在于,它有效地消解了技术术语的神秘感,将其转化为一种普世的智慧语言。它真正做到的,是提升了读者的“心智模型”。阅读过程中,我经常会停下来,回顾自己过去几天做的一些小决定,然后用书中的理论去套用,发现很多低效的根源都来自于我们对概率和成本的错误估计。比如,我们总是高估短期收益的价值,而低估长期积累的复利效应——这在投资和学习上都是致命的。这本书将这种偏误清晰地标记出来,并且给出了矫正的算法思路。它没有提供捷径,但它提供了一张地图,一张通往更理性决策的地图。读完之后,我感觉自己对生活的掌控感增强了,不再是单纯地“凭感觉”过日子,而是有了一套可以自我校准的内部操作系统。这种由内而外的改变,远比学会任何一项具体技能要宝贵得多。
评分令我感到意外的是,这本书在处理人际关系和社交网络时展现出的洞察力。它并不像一本传统的心理学或社交指南,但它用‘网络理论’和‘路径优化’的视角,解释了为什么有些社交圈子会自然衰退,而另一些则能保持活力。书中关于“小世界网络”的讨论,促使我去思考我的社交投资应该放在哪里——是广撒网去建立弱连接,还是深入维护那些少数的关键强连接。这提供了一种冷静的、非情绪化的方式来审视自己的人际资本。此外,书中关于‘贝叶斯推断’的阐述,也让我学会了如何更客观地更新自己的信念。每当遇到新信息时,我不再是完全推翻旧观点,而是根据新证据的强度,对原有判断进行微调,这极大地减少了认知失调带来的痛苦。这本书的价值在于,它将哲学层面的思考,落地成了可操作的计算模型,让“活得更聪明”不再是口号。
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