內容簡介
BubblesWhat are bubbles made of?Why are they always round?Read and find out about the science behind soap bubbles, and learn why bubbles always go POP
作者簡介
Kimberly Brubaker Bradley is the author of Energy Makes Things Happen and Pop!, an Outstanding Science Trade Book for Children, in the Let's-Read-and-Find-Out Science series. She has a degree in chemistry from Smith College and lives with her husband and two children in Bristol, Tennessee.
精彩書評
Kirkus What makes a bubble? Why does it pop? What makes it round? These and a dozen other questions are clearly explained in a brief, readable text in this "Let's-Read-And-Find-Out" Stage 1 science title. Bradley (Weaver's Daughter, 2000, etc.), a chemist and a mother of two enthusiastic bubble blowers, is right on target with questions and answers. Explaining that the air inside the soapy skin of a bubble doesn't push out more in one place or another, she effectively offers a mini-physics lesson. Moving on to demonstrate other liquids, she explains why some bubbles pop easier than others. Clear color photographs help to demonstrate each idea, using a racially mixed group of boys and girls blowing, popping, and examining big and little bubbles in various liquids. The author concludes with a recipe for making bubble solution and additional experiments with bubbles. Young readers (and their parents) will have a good time learning new science thanks to this playful offering. (Nonfiction. 5-8) Children's Literature What are bubbles made of? Why are they round? Why do they always pop? Investigate the basic science of bubbles with an author who has a degree in chemistry. Vivid photographs and clear, simple text introduce young children to science and help answer questions about one of childhood's greatest joys. Bubbles are simply air trapped inside liquid. They are round because the air inside pushes out evenly against the liquid skin. Bubbles eventually pop because their liquid skin dries out and shrinks, making them unable to hold all the air inside. After learning about bubbles and seeing so many pictures of colorfully captured bubbles, it may be the perfect time to make your own. To do so, follow the bubble solution recipe at the back of the book. You probably have the ingredients in your cupboard. Then you can try some of the experiments that follow. For example, if you make a square shaped wand, will you get square shaped bubbles? All young scientists should give it a try. Part of the "Let's Read-and-Find-out About Science" series. 2001, HarperCollins, $15.95, $15.89, and $4.95. Ages 3 to 6. Reviewer:Barbara Kennedy Fewer Reviews School Library Journal PreS-Gr 1-Bubbles here, bubbles there, bubbles, bubbles, bubbles everywhere-big ones, small ones, single ones, or in a stream. Some float gently, while some pop immediately. No matter what they are made of or how or where they are produced, they are always round, never square. A simple, accurate text that is also fun to read explains these facts. Delightful color photographs of charming children making bubbles and of bubbles floating freely reinforce and extend the text. Children will want to participate themselves to test the data. The book includes a page of experiments and a recipe for making a solution (which may need some adult help to prepare). This is science learning at its best.-Pamela K. Bomboy, Chesterfield County Public Schools, VA Copyright 2001 Cahners Business Information. Kirkus Reviews What makes a bubble? Why does it pop? What makes it round? These and a dozen other questions are clearly explained in a brief, readable text in this "Let's-Read-And-Find-Out" Stage 1 science title. Bradley (Weaver's Daughter, 2000, etc.), a chemist and a mother of two enthusiastic bubble blowers, is right on target with questions and answers. Explaining that the air inside the soapy skin of a bubble doesn't push out more in one place or another, she effectively offers a mini-physics lesson. Moving on to demonstrate other liquids, she explains why some bubbles pop easier than others. Clear color photographs help to demonstrate each idea, using a racially mixed group of boys and girls blowing, popping, and examining big and little bubbles in various liquids. The author concludes with a recipe for making bubble solution and additional experiments with bubbles. Young readers (and their parents) will have a good time learning new science thanks to this playful offering. (Nonfiction. 5-8)
前言/序言
探索光影的奇妙世界:一本書,帶你走進色彩與摺射的魔力 書名:光與影的秘密(暫定) 目標讀者: 5至8歲兒童(小學低年級) 主題: 視覺科學、光綫的基本性質、顔色混閤與感知 篇幅: 約1500字 --- 導言:看不見的魔術師 我們的世界充滿瞭奇跡,但最令人著迷的可能就是“光”。沒有光,一切都將沉寂在黑暗之中。但光不僅僅是照亮我們前路的工具,它更是一位技藝高超的魔術師,總是在不經意間,為我們錶演一場場關於顔色、形狀和錯覺的盛大演齣。 這本書將帶領小小的探險傢們,跳脫齣日常對“光”的簡單認知,深入探究光綫是如何工作的,以及它們如何與我們周圍的一切物質發生互動。我們將用最簡單、最直觀的方式,揭開光影變化的神秘麵紗。 第一章:光從哪裏來?認識光源 想象一下,我們身處的房間突然陷入一片漆黑。我們立刻會本能地尋找光源——可能是天花闆上的燈,窗外溫暖的太陽,或是黑暗中閃爍的螢火蟲。 在本章中,我們將首次接觸“光源”的概念。我們會區分自然光源和人造光源。 自然之光: 太陽是最大的、最古老的光源。我們會討論為什麼太陽看起來是白色的,以及它穿過大氣層時發生瞭什麼變化。我們還會探索火焰、閃電甚至某些海洋生物(比如深海魚)是如何自己産生光的。 人造之光: 從電燈泡到手電筒,人類發明瞭各種工具來“捕捉”和“製造”光。我們會簡單介紹鎢絲燈和LED燈的工作原理,著重強調它們如何將電能轉化為光能,並提醒孩子們安全用光的重要性。 互動探索: 製作一個簡單的“光源檢測器”。利用一個紙筒和一張半透明的描圖紙,讓孩子嘗試在不同光源下觀察紙張的透光程度,初步理解光綫的方嚮性和穿透性。 第二章:光在旅行:直綫傳播的奧秘 光綫有一個非常重要的特性:它喜歡走直綫。這個看似簡單的規則,卻是理解許多光學現象的基礎。 我們會通過一係列有趣的實驗來證明這一點。如果光綫不走直綫,那麼我們看到的世界將會是多麼混亂! 影子,光的足跡: 影子是光綫被阻擋後留下的“空白區域”。本章的核心內容就是影子。我們會解釋為什麼不同的物體會投射齣不同形狀和大小的影子,以及影子是如何隨著太陽在天空中的位置而改變的。一個物體,在早晨和傍晚的影子為何大不相同? 針孔相機(Pinhole Camera): 這是一個經典的科學玩具。我們將指導孩子們製作一個簡單的針孔相機,觀察被攝物體在相機內部屏幕上形成的倒立的真實影像。這個活動完美地證明瞭光是沿直綫傳播的,並且在穿過小孔後會發生交叉,從而形成倒影。 實踐挑戰: 在一個陽光明媚的下午,帶著孩子走到戶外,觀察並畫下同一物體在上午10點、中午12點和下午3點的影子形狀對比圖。 第三章:顔色的魔法:光與彩虹的秘密 我們看到的“顔色”,其實是光綫與物體相互作用的結果。如果你認為物體本身擁有顔色,那麼你隻對瞭一半。 白光的分離: 牛頓的經典實驗告訴我們,我們看到的白色陽光,實際上是所有顔色的混閤體。我們將介紹棱鏡的作用,以及如何利用一個透明的玻璃塊將白光“拆解”成絢爛的彩虹(光譜)。我們會細數紅、橙、黃、綠、藍、靛、紫七種顔色,並記住它們齣現的順序。 物體為什麼是這個顔色? 為什麼蘋果看起來是紅色的?因為蘋果的錶麵吸收瞭除瞭紅色之外的所有顔色的光,並將紅光反射迴我們的眼睛。 吸收與反射: 黑色物體吸收瞭幾乎所有光綫,所以摸起來更熱;白色物體反射瞭幾乎所有光綫。 顔色的混閤: 本章會深入探討“加色混閤”——這是屏幕和燈光的工作原理。如果將紅光、綠光和藍光(RGB)混閤在一起,會發生什麼?它們會融閤成明亮的白色! 創意工坊: 利用三原色光(可用不同顔色的透明塑料片代替光源)疊加,觀察紅光+綠光=黃光,藍光+紅光=品紅光的有趣現象。 第四章:彎麯的光綫:摺射與反射 當光綫遇到障礙或從一種介質進入另一種介質時,它的路徑會發生變化。 鏡子的魔力(反射): 反射是光綫遇到光滑錶麵後彈迴的現象。我們會學習鏡子如何形成我們清晰的、左右顛倒的影像。我們會討論平麵鏡的特性,以及為什麼水麵也能像鏡子一樣反射景物。 扭麯的湯匙(摺射): 摺射是光綫從空氣進入水或其他透明介質時速度發生變化而導緻的路徑彎麯。這是我們生活中最常見的“錯覺”之一。 看不見的鉛筆: 實驗錶明,將一根鉛筆斜插入一杯水中,鉛筆看起來好像在水麵處斷開瞭。為什麼會這樣?因為水讓光綫“拐彎”瞭。 水池變淺瞭: 我們還會解釋為什麼遊泳池的水看起來比實際要淺,這都是摺射在作怪。 結論:光明的未來 光科學不僅僅是關於有趣的實驗,它也是我們理解整個宇宙的基礎——從植物的光閤作用到我們眼睛如何接收圖像。 通過這本書的探索,孩子們將學會用科學的眼光觀察日常生活中的每一個光影細節。他們會意識到,即使是最尋常的陽光,也蘊含著無窮無盡的科學奧秘等待著他們去發現和解讀。拿起你的放大鏡,繼續探索這個被光照亮的美麗世界吧!這本書為你開啓瞭一扇通往視覺科學的奇妙大門。