具體描述
內容簡介
Published in 1919, Winesburg, Ohio is Sherwood Anderson's masterpiece, a work in which he achieved the goal to which he believed all true writers should aspire: to see and feel "all of life within." In a perfectly imagined world, an archetypal small American town, he reveals the hidden passions that turn ordinary lives into unforgettable ones. Unified by the recurring presence of young George Willard, and played out against the backdrop of Winesburg, Anderson's loosely connected chapters, or stories, coalesce into a powerful novel.
In such tales as "Hands," the portrayal of a rural berry picker still haunted by the accusations of homosexuality that ended his teaching career, Anderson's vision is as acute today as it was over eighty-five years ago. His intuitive ability to home in on examples of timeless, human conflicts—a workingman deciding if he should marry the woman who is to bear his child, an unhappy housewife who seeks love from the town's doctor, an unmarried high school teacher sexually attracted to a pupil—makes this book not only immensely readable but also deeply meaningful. An important influence on Faulkner, Hemingway, and others who were drawn to Anderson's innovative format and psychological insights, Winesburg, Ohio deserves a place among the front ranks of our nation's finest literary achievements. 作者簡介
Sherwood Anderson (1876-1941) spent most of his boyhood in Clyde, Ohio, the model for Winesburg, Ohio. And like the central figure of that work, Anderson left small-town life behind after his mother's death, when he was nineteen. After serving in the Spanish-American War, the mostly self-taught Anderson became successful advertising copywriter in Chicago. Then in 1912, torn between his responsibilities and his drive to create, he had a breakdown that has become legendary. Having become the owner of a small factory, Anderson abruptly walked from his office and wandered about for four days in a trancelike state before ending up in an Ohio hospital. Realizing he must devote his life to writing, he finally broke with his wife and family and joined Carl Sandburg and Theodore Dreiser, who were at the core of Chicago's literary group. By 1925, Anderson had demonstrated such talent that H.L. Mencken called him "America's most distinguished novelist." A mentor of William Faulkner and Thomas Wolfe, Anderson was known for his colloquial style and his exploration of gender and sexuality in relationships. His works of fiction include Windy McPherson's Son (1916); Poor White (1920); The Triumph of the Egg (1921), a short-story collection; and Dark Laughter (1925). Also important are his autobiographical works: A Story Teller's Story (1924), Tar: A Midwest Childhood (1926), and Sherwood Anderson's Memoirs (1942). He died of peritonitis on a trip abroad when a broken toothpick perforated his intestines. 精彩書評
"When he calls himself a 'poor scribbler' don't believe him. He is not a poor scribbler... he is a very great writer."
——Ernest Hemingway
"Winesburg, Ohio, when it first appeared, kept me up a whole night in a steady crescendo of emotion."
——Hart Crane
"As a rule, first books show more bravado than anything else, unless it be tediousness. But there is neither of these qualities in Winesburg, Ohio... These people live and breathe: they are beautiful."
——E. M. Forster
"Winesburg, Ohio is an extraordinarily good book. But it is not fiction. It is poetry."
——Rebecca West 精彩書摘
The writer, an old man with a white mustache, had some difficulty in getting into bed. The windows of the house in which he lived were high and he wanted to look at the trees when he awoke in the morning. A carpenter came to fix the bed so that it would be on a level with the window.
Quite a fuss was made about the matter. The carpenter, who had been a soldier in the Civil War, came into the writer's room and sat down to talk of building a platform for the purpose of raising the bed. The writer had cigars lying about and the carpenter smoked.
For a time the two men talked of the raising of the bed and then they talked of other things. The soldier got on the subject of the war. The writer, in fact, led him to that subject. The carpenter had once been a prisoner in Andersonville prison and had lost a brother. The brother had died of starvation, and whenever the carpenter got upon that subject he cried. He, like the old writer, had a white mustache, and when he cried he puckered up his lips and the mustache bobbed up and down. The weeping old man with the cigar in his mouth was ludicrous. The plan the writer had for the raising of his bed was forgotten and later the carpenter did it in his own way and the writer, who was past sixty, had to help himself with a chair when he went to bed at night.
In his bed the writer rolled over on his side and lay quite still. For years he had been beset with notions concerning his heart. He was a hard smoker and his heart fluttered. The idea had got into his mind that he would some time die unexpectedly and always when he got into bed he thought of that. It did not alarm him. The effect in fact was quite a special thing and not easily explained. It made him more alive, there in bed, than at any other time. Perfectly still he lay and his body was old and not of much use any more, but something inside him was altogether young. He was like a pregnant woman, only that the thing inside him was not a baby but a youth. No, it wasn't a youth, it was a woman, young, and wearing a coat of mail like a knight. It is absurd, you see, to try to tell what was inside the old writer as he lay on his high bed and listened to the fluttering of his heart. The thing to get at is what the writer, or the young thing within the writer, was thinking about.
The old writer, like all of the people in the world, had got, during his long life, a great many notions in his head. He had once been quite handsome and a number of women had been in love with him. And then, of course, he had known people, many people, known them in a peculiarly intimate way that was different from the way in which you and I know people. At least that is what the writer thought and the thought pleased him. Why quarrel with an old man concerning his thoughts?
In the bed the writer had a dream that was not a dream. As he grew somewhat sleepy but was still conscious, figures began to appear before his eyes. He imagined the young indescribable thing within himself was driving a long procession of figures before his eyes.
You see the interest in all this lies in the figures that went before the eyes of the writer. They were all grotesques. All of the men and women the writer had ever known had become grotesques.
The grotesques were not all horrible. Some were amusing, some almost beautiful, and one, a woman all drawn out of shape, hurt the old man by her grotesqueness. When she passed he made a noise like a small dog whimpering. Had you come into the room you might have supposed the old man had unpleasant dreams or perhaps indigestion.
For an hour the procession of grotesques passed before the eyes of the old man, and then, although it was a painful thing to do, he crept out of bed and began to write. Some one of the grotesques had made a deep impression on his mind and he wanted to describe it.
At his desk the writer worked for an hour. In the end he wrote a book which he called 'The Book of the Grotesque.' It was never published, but I saw it once and it made an indelible impression on my mind. The book had one central thought that is very strange and has always remained with me. By remembering it I have been able to understand many people and things that I was never able to understand before. The thought was involved but a simple statement of it would be something like this:
That in the beginning when the world was young there were a great many thoughts but no such thing as a truth. Man made the truths himself and each truth was a composite of a great many vague thoughts. All about in the world were the truths and they were all beautiful.
The old man had listed hundreds of the truths in his book. I will not try to tell you of all of them. There was the truth of virginity and the truth of passion, the truth of wealth and of poverty, of thrift and of profligacy, of carelessness and abandon. Hundreds and hundreds were the truths and they were all beautiful.
And then the people came along. Each as he appeared snatched up one of the truths and some who were quite strong snatched up a dozen of them.
It was the truths that made the people grotesques. The old man had quite an elaborate theory concerning the matter. It was his notion that the moment one of the people took one of the truths to himself, called it his truth, and tried to live his life by it, he became a grotesque and the truth he embraced became a falsehood.
You can see for yourself how the old man, who had spent all of his life writing and was filled with words, would write hundreds of pages concerning this matter. The subject would become so big in his mind that he himself would be in danger of becoming a grotesque. He didn't, I suppose, for the same reason that he never published the book. It was the young thing inside him that saved the old man.
Concerning the old carpenter who fixed the bed for the writer, I only mentioned him because he, like many of what are called very common people, became the nearest thing to what is understandable and lovable of all the grotesques in the writer's book.
好的,這是一份圖書簡介,主題是關於美國文學中對小鎮生活和人性深度探索的經典作品,但不涉及《惠茨堡,俄亥俄州》(Winesburg, Ohio)。 --- 書名: 《寂靜之聲:美國小鎮的靈魂肖像》 作者: [虛構作者名,例如:伊萊亞斯·霍爾頓] 齣版社: [虛構齣版社名,例如:海岸綫文學齣版社] 裝幀: 精裝/平裝(視具體版本) 簡介: 《寂靜之聲:美國小鎮的靈魂肖像》是一部深刻而細膩的美國中西部文學傑作,它將讀者帶入一個看似平靜實則暗流湧動的虛構小鎮——“黑溪鎮”(Black Creek)。這部作品並非一個傳統意義上的連貫敘事小說,而是一係列相互關聯、相互映照的短篇故事集,共同勾勒齣美國“鍍金時代”末期至“咆哮的二十年代”初期,美國心髒地帶小鎮生活的復雜圖景。 作者伊萊亞斯·霍爾頓以其標誌性的、近乎冷峻的洞察力,揭示瞭在高度同質化的社會錶象下,個體心靈深處的掙紮、渴望與異化。黑溪鎮的居民們,大多是農場主、手工業者、小型企業主以及他們傢庭中的女性和後代,他們的生活被刻闆的道德規範、代際間的隔閡以及對外界世界(尤其是大都市)的既敬畏又嚮往的復雜情感所定義。 核心主題的深度剖析: 一、隱秘的孤獨與溝通的障礙 霍爾頓對“孤獨”的描繪達到瞭極高的藝術水準。在黑溪鎮,人與人之間仿佛被無形的玻璃牆隔開。小說中的角色們常常生活在自己構建的心理孤島中,他們渴望被理解,卻又害怕暴露內心的脆弱與“不閤時宜”的想法。 例如,“郵局的沉默者”一章,聚焦於鎮上的郵遞員詹姆斯·莫羅。他每天接觸鎮上所有的信件——那些關於疾病、債務、私情的私人訊息——卻從未找到一個可以傾訴自己對詩歌和遠方的熱切夢想的對象。他的沉默是鎮上集體沉默的縮影,一種對社會期望的屈從,也是對自身被壓抑天性的痛苦保護。 再如,小說探索瞭傢庭內部溝通的失敗。父母與子女之間,往往因對“進步”和“傳統”的不同理解而産生難以逾越的鴻溝。他們共處一室,卻在精神層麵上相隔萬裏,各自懷揣著難以言說的秘密和遺憾。 二、夢想的腐蝕與現實的重壓 黑溪鎮是美國夢在現實中被磨損的試驗場。許多角色懷揣著離開小鎮、追求更高成就的雄心壯誌,但最終被生活的慣性、傢庭的責任或自身的怯懦所束縛。 “鐵匠的徒弟”一章是這一主題的典範。年輕的湯姆渴望成為一名工程師,繪製齣橫跨密西西比河的大橋藍圖。然而,當他必須接管年邁父親的鐵匠鋪以維持生計時,他的圖紙便被鎖在瞭堆滿灰塵的工具箱底部。霍爾頓細膩地描繪瞭夢想如何在日常的勞作中被一點點“銹蝕”的過程,那是一種比失敗更令人心寒的緩慢死亡。 三、道德的灰度與錶象的維護 小鎮生活依賴於一個脆弱的、公開的道德契約。每個人都努力扮演著“好公民”的角色,維護著社區的和諧錶象。然而,在夜幕降臨或在私密的角落裏,這些精心構建的圍牆便開始鬆動。 小說並沒有簡單地批判虛僞,而是深入探究瞭這種“錶象維護”的必要性。它探討瞭在缺乏現代社會匿名性的環境中,個體如何為瞭生存而不斷地自我審查、自我規訓。鎮上的牧師、校董和富裕的銀行傢,他們維護著最嚴格的道德標準,但他們的內心往往藏著最深的掙紮和對自由的隱秘嚮往。這種雙重生活,是小鎮人性的核心矛盾。 四、時間與記憶的流逝 《寂靜之聲》的敘事結構本身就帶有強烈的對時間流逝的沉思。故事在不同年代間跳躍,通過老照片、廢棄的建築和流傳的民間傳說,構建齣一種既懷舊又疏離的氛圍。小鎮的街道和建築,如同角色的心靈一樣,承載著被遺忘的過去和未實現的諾言。這種對曆史重量的感知,使得每一位居民都成為瞭他們所居住土地的活化石,被睏在瞭不斷重復的季節循環中。 文學手法與風格: 霍爾頓的筆觸冷峻而精確,善於運用環境描寫來暗示人物的內在狀態。黑溪鎮的天氣——漫長而嚴酷的鼕季,以及夏日午後令人窒息的潮濕——無不反映著人物內心的壓抑與停滯。他極少使用冗長的心理分析,而是通過人物的細微動作、無意間的對視、或是一件遺失的物品,將角色的深層情感精準地投射齣來。 《寂靜之聲:美國小鎮的靈魂肖像》是對美國身份認同中“地方性”和“局限性”的一次重要審視。它迫使讀者直麵那些在現代高速發展中被忽視的群體,思考個體在被集體規範化的社會中,如何尋找並堅守自己真實的聲音。這是一部需要慢讀、需要迴味的作品,它如同黑溪鎮的鼕夜,初看寂寥,細品之下,卻充滿瞭令人久久不能忘懷的生命張力。 推薦讀者: 喜愛現代美國現實主義文學、對社會心理學和地方性文化研究感興趣的讀者,以及任何試圖理解個體如何在群體結構中定義自我的探索者。 ---