How Children Succeed: Grit, Curiosity, and the Hidden Power of Character [精装]

How Children Succeed: Grit, Curiosity, and the Hidden Power of Character [精装] pdf epub mobi txt 电子书 下载 2025

Paul Tough 著
图书标签:
  • 教育
  • 儿童发展
  • 性格培养
  • 成功学
  • 心理学
  • 非认知技能
  • 毅力
  • 好奇心
  • 家庭教育
  • 成长
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出版社: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt
ISBN:9780547564654
版次:1
商品编码:19281645
包装:精装
出版时间:2012-09-04
页数:256
正文语种:英文
商品尺寸:23.1x15.2x2.8cm

具体描述

内容简介

11+, GCSEs, A levels - it sometimes seems like the story of our children's lives is of one academic test after another. We're convinced that a good performance in these exams will lead to success later on in life. But what if we're wrong?


In fact, studies are increasingly showing that the qualities most likely to ensure a better degree, a better job and, ultimately, a more fulfilling life are perseverance, curiosity, conscientiousness, optimism, and self-control. These are qualities known to economists as 'non-cognitive', to psychologists as 'personality traits' but to the rest of us as 'character'.


How Children Succeed introduces us to a new generation of researchers and educators who are using the tools of science to peel back the mysteries of character. Through their stories - and the stories of the children they are trying to help - acclaimed journalist Paul Tough traces the links between childhood stress, childhood cosseting, and life success. He uncovers the surprising ways in which parents prepare - or fail to prepare - their children for adulthood. And he provides new insights into the best ways to help children growing up in poverty.


Early adversity, scientists have come to understand, not only physically affects children's lives, it can also alter the neurological development of their brains. But now educators and doctors are using that knowledge to develop innovative interventions that allow children to overcome the constraints of poverty. And with the help of these new strategies, as Tough's eye-opening reporting makes clear, even children who grow up in the most painful circumstances can go on to achieve amazing things.


This is a provocative and profoundly hopeful book that will change the way you think about raising and educating children.

作者简介

Paul Tough is the author of Whatever It Takes: Geoffrey Canada's Quest to Change Harlem and America and the author of a series of acclaimed articles on character and childhood in the New York Times Magazine and the New Yorker. He is a contributing editor to the New York Times Magazine and a frequent contributor to the public-radio program This American Life. He lives with his wife and son in New York.

精彩书评

"Drop the flashcards - grit, character, and curiosity matter even more than cognitive skills. A persuasive wake-up call."
—People Magazine

"In this absorbing and important book, Tough explains why American children from both ends of the socioeconomic spectrum are missing out on these essential experiences. … The book illuminates the extremes of American childhood: for rich kids, a safety net drawn so tight it’s a harness; for poor kids, almost nothing to break their fall."
—Annie Murphy Paul, The New York Times Book Review

"An engaging book that casts the school reform debate in a provocative new light. … [Tough] introduces us to a wide-ranging cast of characters — economists, psychologists, and neuroscientists among them — whose work yields a compelling new picture of the intersection of poverty and education."
—Thomas Toch, The Washington Monthly

"Mr. Tough’s new book, How Children Succeed: Grit, Curiosity and the Hidden Power of Character, combines compelling findings in brain research with his own first-hand observations on the front lines of school reform. He argues that the qualities that matter most to children’s success have more to do with character – and that parents and schools can play a powerful role in nurturing the character traits that foster success. His book is an inspiration. It has made me less of a determinist, and more of an optimist."
—Margaret Wente, The Globe and Mail

"How Children Succeed is a must-read for all educators. It’s a fascinating book that makes it very clear that the conventional wisdom about child development is flat-out wrong."
—School Leadership Briefing

"I loved this book and the stories it told about children who succeed against big odds and the people who help them. … It is well-researched, wonderfully written and thought-provoking."
—Siobhan Curious, Classroom as Microcosm

"How to Succeed takes readers on a high-speed tour of experimental schools and new research, all peppered with anecdotes about disadvantaged youths overcoming the odds, and affluent students meeting enough resistance to develop character strengths."
—James Sweeney, Cleveland Plain Dealer

"[This] wonderfully written new book reveals a school improvement measure in its infancy that has the potential to transform our schools, particularly in low-income neighborhoods."
—Jay Mathews, Washington Post

"Nurturing successful kids doesn’t have to be a game of chance. There are powerful new ideas out there on how best to equip children to thrive, innovations that have transformed schools, homes, and lives. Paul Tough has scoured the science and met the people who are challenging what we thought we knew about childhood and success. And now he has written the instruction manual. Every parent should read this book – and every policymaker, too."
— Charles Duhigg, author of The Power of Habit

"I wish I could take this compact, powerful, clear-eyed, beautifully written book and put it in the hands of every parent, teacher and politician. At its core is a notion that is electrifying in its originality and its optimism: that character — not cognition — is central to success, and that character can be taught. How Children Succeed will change the way you think about children. But more than that: it will fill you with a sense of what could be."
—Alex Kotlowitz, author of There Are No Children Here

"Turning the conventional wisdom about child development on its head, New York Times Magazine editor Tough argues that non-cognitive skills (persistence, self-control, curiosity, conscientiousness, grit and self-confidence) are the most critical to success in school and life....Well-written and bursting with ideas, this will be essential reading for anyone who cares about childhood in America. "
— STARRED Kirkus Reviews

“This American Life contributor Tough (Whatever It Takes: Geoffrey Canada’s Quest to Change Harlem and America) tackles new theories on childhood education with a compelling style that weaves in personal details about his own child and childhood. Personal narratives of administrators, teachers, students, single mothers, and scientists lend support to the extensive scientific studies Tough uses to discuss a new, character-based learning approach."
—Publishers Weekly

前言/序言


好的,这里为您创作一个关于一本名为《无畏的探索:培养未来领袖的内在驱动力》的图书简介,内容详实,旨在探讨教育、品格塑造与个人成长,但完全不涉及您提供的原书信息。 --- 无畏的探索:培养未来领袖的内在驱动力 导言:迷失在标准化的十字路口 在二十一世纪的教育浪潮中,我们似乎陷入了一种怪圈:过度依赖量化的评估,将学习简化为分数和排名,却忽略了真正驱动个体走向卓越的那些难以捉摸却至关重要的内在品质。今天的学校和家庭,都在努力应对一个共同的挑战:如何在高度竞争的环境中,培养出不仅能适应未来,更能塑造未来的人才? 《无畏的探索:培养未来领袖的内在驱动力》正是在此背景下诞下的一部具有前瞻性的指南。本书深入剖析了当代教育体系中被忽视的维度——那些支撑个体穿越不确定性、激发持久学习热情、并最终实现深层价值的“软性力量”。我们不再满足于培养“聪明的孩子”,而是致力于塑造“有韧性的探索者”和“有远见的行动者”。 第一部分:重塑“成功”的定义——超越分数线的视野 传统的成功观往往将认知能力置于至高无上的地位。然而,本书认为,真正的成功是一种动态的平衡,它建立在坚实的情感基础和强大的适应能力之上。 1.1 认知与情境的鸿沟: 我们将首先探讨现代智力测试与真实世界复杂性之间的显著差距。高智商并不自动导向高成就,尤其是在面对颠覆性变革时。本书通过大量案例研究,展示了那些在学术上表现平平,但在创新领域大放异彩的人们的共同特质。 1.2 价值锚点的建立: 真正的驱动力来源于清晰的内部价值体系。我们探讨了如何帮助青少年识别并内化一套超越物质回报的道德指南和职业使命感。这包括对“意义感”的构建,以及如何在快速变化的社会中保持道德罗盘的稳定。 1.3 适应力而非记忆力: 未来的工作环境将是流动的、非线性的。本书提出了一种“情境学习模型”,强调个体处理模糊信息、快速切换视角和从失败中提取教训的能力。这不仅仅是“恢复力”,而是一种主动利用逆境进行结构性重塑的能力。 第二部分:内在驱动力的解剖学——好奇心、专注力与自我效能 内在驱动力并非神秘的力量,而是一系列可被培养和强化的心理机制。《无畏的探索》将这些机制细致解构,并提供了实用的工具箱。 2.1 好奇心:从“被动接收”到“主动探寻”: 我们区分了两种好奇心:表层的好奇(对新奇事物的短暂兴趣)和深层的好奇(对事物底层逻辑的持续追问)。本书着重介绍如何通过设计“有张力的学习环境”来激发后者,鼓励孩子提出“为什么不?”而不是仅仅接受“为什么是?”的答案。 2.2 深度专注力的重建: 在数字信息爆炸的时代,持续、不受干扰的深度工作能力已成为稀缺资源。本书分析了分散注意力的神经学基础,并提出了“心流契合度”的培养方案。这包括对“微习惯”的运用,以及如何建立与环境的“数字边界”,从而重新夺回对注意力的主权。 2.3 自我效能感的螺旋上升: 自我效能感——相信自己有能力完成任务的信念——是行动力的核心。本书将自我效能的建立分解为“小胜利的积累”和“可控性归因”两个关键步骤。我们阐述了父母和教育者如何巧妙地退出“直接干预”,转而成为“赋能的观察者”,让孩子真实体验到掌握任务的成就感。 第三部分:教育者的角色重塑——从知识的传递者到成长的催化剂 培养未来领袖,需要教育者和家长自身先完成一次观念的转变。本书认为,成人的角色必须从“答案的提供者”转变为“问题的引导者”和“潜能的激发者”。 3.1 授权式反馈的艺术: 低效的表扬和批评都可能扼杀孩子的内在动机。我们提出了一种基于“过程观察”的反馈框架,它侧重于识别孩子在策略选择和努力程度上的优缺点,而非仅仅评价结果。这种反馈使孩子将注意力从“我是否足够聪明”转移到“我如何能做得更好”上。 3.2 培养“建设性失败”的文化: 恐惧失败是扼杀创新的头号元凶。本书详细阐述了如何在家庭和课堂中建立一个“安全失败区”。我们分享了如何引导孩子进行“失败复盘会议”,将每一次挫折视为昂贵却宝贵的实验数据,从而将负面情绪转化为前瞻性的学习机会。 3.3 榜样力量的微妙性: 成年人的行为比说教更具穿透力。本书探讨了父母和教师如何通过展示自身的“成长型思维”——例如,公开承认自己的知识盲区并积极学习新技能——来潜移默化地影响下一代。真正的领导力是从承认自身局限开始的。 第四部分:面向未来的实践路径——从家庭到社群 本书的最终目标是提供一套可落地的、跨越年龄段的实践框架,确保内在驱动力能够在真实世界中得到检验和磨砺。 4.1 项目式学习的深度应用: 我们倡导超越肤浅的兴趣班,转向需要跨学科整合、长期承诺和社区反馈的深度项目。这些项目不仅是技能的学习,更是对责任感、时间管理和协作精神的综合考验。 4.2 跨代际的知识传承: 介绍如何设计家庭和社区活动,让青少年有机会指导年长者掌握新技术或新观念。这种“反向指导”不仅提升了青少年的沟通和教学能力,更极大地巩固了他们的自我价值感和专业自信。 4.3 应对“即时满足”的挑战: 现代科技鼓励快速回报,而深层次的成就往往需要延迟满足。本书提供了一系列策略,帮助家庭在不切断与数字世界联系的前提下,重建对“长期回报”的耐心和期待感,例如通过设定“价值里程碑”而非“时间目标”。 结语:塑造拥有内在罗盘的人 《无畏的探索》不是一本关于如何让孩子在考试中取得高分的秘籍,而是一份关于如何培养他们终生学习的热情、坚韧的品格以及自主解决问题的能力的宣言。当我们不再将教育视为一场临时的竞赛,而是视为一场持续一生的内在旅程时,我们才能真正为孩子装备好,让他们有勇气和能力去探索未知的世界,并最终成为那个值得信赖的、有远见的未来领袖。 ---

用户评价

评分

对于那些渴望在教育孩子时寻求突破的家长来说,这本书无疑是一剂强效的“清醒剂”。它毫不留情地挑战了传统教育体系中过度关注标准化考试和知识灌输的弊端,转而将焦点集中于构建一个能够抵御未来不确定性的内在驱动系统。我尤其欣赏作者在全书中保持的那种审慎的、基于证据的乐观主义。它没有承诺任何速成的方法,而是强调这是一个持续投入、需要家长不断学习和适应的长期工程。书中对“心流体验”与深度学习之间关系的阐述,彻底改变了我对孩子学习状态的理解——真正的学习不是被动接受,而是主动的、带着热情的全情投入。这本书的阅读体验是渐进式的,每读完一个章节,我都会感觉自己对孩子的理解更深了一层,也更清楚自己应该在哪里投入更多的精力和智慧。它让我从“应付考试”的思维中解脱出来,真正开始关注如何培养一个具备终身学习能力和强大内心的人。

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这本书简直是为所有关心下一代成长的家长和教育工作者量身定做的指南。我原以为它会是一本充斥着枯燥理论和陈词滥调的育儿手册,但读完之后才发现,作者以一种极其细腻且富有洞察力的方式,剖析了那些真正驱动孩子走向成功的核心要素。它没有急于给出“标准答案”,而是通过大量的案例研究和前沿心理学发现,引导读者去思考“成功”的真正含义。我特别喜欢它探讨的“成长型思维”如何在一个充满挫折的环境中被有效培养。与其说这是一本书,不如说它是一次深刻的自我反思之旅,促使我重新审视自己过去对教育的理解,以及我在日常生活中无意中灌输给孩子的那些限制性信念。它强调的不是智商的高低,而是面对困难时展现出的韧性和探索欲,这些“软技能”在信息爆炸的今天显得尤为珍贵。阅读过程中,我数次停下来,仔细回味那些关于如何设计一个“适度挑战”的环境,而不是过度保护或过度施压的建议。这本书提供了一种更具人文关怀和实操性的视角,让我感觉不再是孤军奋战。

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从文笔和结构上看,这本书无疑是教科书级别的非虚构写作范本。它成功地将复杂的心理学概念、神经科学的最新发现,以及真实生活中的教育场景无缝地编织在一起,使得即便是没有深厚学术背景的读者也能轻松理解并吸收。它避开了学术界常见的晦涩术语,用清晰、生动的语言阐释了“刻意练习”与“真正掌握”之间的微妙差别。其中关于如何培养孩子对失败的健康认知那部分内容,简直是醍醐灌顶。我们常常教导孩子不要失败,却很少教他们如何从失败中吸取养分并迅速恢复斗志。作者用几个对比鲜明的家庭案例,展示了两种截然不同的教育方式所产生的长期影响。这让我深刻认识到,我们成年人自身的应对挫折的方式,才是对孩子最好的教科书。这本书的价值在于它提供了工具,而不是仅仅提供理论,它促使你立即开始在日常互动中进行调整和实验。

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这本书真正让我感到震撼的地方,在于它对“品格”这一抽象概念的解构和重塑。在过去,我们谈论品格,多半是笼统地提到诚实、善良,但这本书深入挖掘了那些在更高层次竞争中真正发挥作用的“隐藏的力量”——比如自控力、责任感和同理心。作者的论述逻辑严密,步步为营,从生物学基础探讨到社会环境的影响,再到家庭教育中的具体实践,形成了一个完整的认知闭环。我个人对其中关于“延迟满足”的讨论印象深刻,它不仅仅是关于抗拒眼前的诱惑,更是关于是否能为了一个更宏大、更长远的目标而调动资源和精力的能力。这不再是简单的纪律问题,而是一种深层次的自我管理艺术。我发现,很多我原以为是“天分”的东西,其实都可以通过系统化的培养,在孩子成长的关键期得到极大的强化。这本书无疑为我提供了一个更宏观、更具前瞻性的教育框架。

评分

这本书的叙事节奏把握得非常到位,它不是那种一上来就抛出惊人结论的“鸡汤文”,而更像是一场精心策划的、层层递进的知识探索之旅。作者在介绍“坚毅力”(Grit)时,没有把它塑造成一种天生的品质,而是深入剖析了其背后的动机和坚持的机制,这对我触动很大。我过去总觉得,一个孩子如果不够坚持,那可能就是性格使然,但这本书揭示了,这种“坚持”往往需要外部环境的精心滋养和内部目标感的清晰定位。它通过讲述那些在看似平凡的领域中取得卓越成就的人的故事,清晰地展示了目标感、热情和长期投入这三者如何相互作用,形成一个正向循环。我尤其欣赏它对“好奇心”的重新定义——它不再是孩子天性中那种无意义的“爱问为什么”,而是一种主动探寻知识边界、愿意在模糊地带徘徊的能力。这种能力在当今快速变化的世界中,比掌握任何单一的知识点都重要得多。读完后,我对待孩子提出“奇怪”问题时的态度都变得更加积极和接纳了。

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