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Flamboyant and controversial, Oscar Wilde was a dazzling personality, a master of wit, and a dramatic genius whose sparkling comedies contain some of the most brilliant dialogue ever written for the English stage. Here in one volume are his immensely popular novel, The Picture of Dorian Gray; his last literary work, "The Ballad of Reading Gaol," a product of his own prison experience; and four complete plays: Lady Windermere's Fan, his first dramatic success, An Ideal Husband, which pokes fun at conventional morality, The Importance of Being Earnest, his finest comedy, and Salomé, a portrait of uncontrollable love originally written in French and faithfully translated by Richard Ellmann.
Every selection appears in its entirety–a marvelous collection of outstanding works by the incomparable Oscar Wilde, who's been aptly called "a lord of languageFlamboyant and controversial, Oscar Wilde was a dazzling personality, a master of wit, and a dramatic genius whose sparkling comedies contain some of the most brilliant dialogue ever written for the English stage. Here in one volume are his immensely popular novel, The Picture of Dorian Gray; his last literary work, "The Ballad of Reading Gaol," a product of his own prison experience; and four complete plays: Lady Windermere's Fan, his first dramatic success, An Ideal Husband, which pokes fun at conventional morality, The Importance of Being Earnest, his finest comedy, and Salomé, a portrait of uncontrollable love originally written in French and faithfully translated by Richard Ellmann.
Every selection appears in its entirety–a marvelous collection of outstanding works by the incomparable Oscar Wilde, who's been aptly called "a lord of languageFlamboyant and controversial, Oscar Wilde was a dazzling personality, a master of wit, and a dramatic genius whose sparkling comedies contain some of the most brilliant dialogue ever written for the English stage. Here in one volume are his immensely popular novel, The Picture of Dorian Gray; his last literary work, "The Ballad of Reading Gaol," a product of his own prison experience; and four complete plays: Lady Windermere's Fan, his first dramatic success, An Ideal Husband, which pokes fun at conventional morality, The Importance of Being Earnest, his finest comedy, and Salomé, a portrait of uncontrollable love originally written in French and faithfully translated by Richard Ellmann.
Every selection appears in its entirety–a marvelous collection of outstanding works by the incomparable Oscar Wilde, who's been aptly called "a lord of language". 内容简介
Flamboyant fin-de-siecle literary figure Oscar Wilde was a dazzling personality, a master of wit, and a dramatic genius whose sparkling comedies contain some of the most brilliant dialogue ever written for the English stage.
Here in one volume are his immensely popular novel, THE PICTURE OF DORIAN GRAY; his last literary work, THE BALLAD OF READING GAOL, a product of his own prison experience; and four complete plays: LADY WINDERMERE'S FAN, his first dramatic success; AN IDEAL HUSBAND, which continued to poke fun at conventional morality; THE IMPORTANCE OF BEING EARNEST, his finest comedy; and SALOME, a portrait of uncontrollable love originally written in French, now in a new translation by Richard Ellmann.
Every selection appears in its entirety -- a marvelous collection of outstanding works by the incomparable Oscar Wilde, whom Max Beerbohm so aptly labeled "a lord of language". 作者简介
Born in Ireland, Oscar Wilde (1854-1900) was educated in Dublin & Oxford and went on to become the leading and most prominent exponent of flamboyant aestheticism. As well as his many plays, he wrote one novel, The Picture of Dorian Gray (1890), and published several volumes of poetry and criticism. He was imprisoned in 1895 for homosexual offences and after his release he died in exile in Paris. Richard Cave has edited a selection of Yeats' plays for Penguin Classics.
奥斯卡·王尔德(Oscar Wilde),又译奥斯卡·怀尔德,全名奥斯卡·芬葛·欧佛雷泰·威尔斯·王尔德(Oscar Fingal O’Flahertie Wills Wilde,1854年10月16日—1900年11月30日)英国唯美主义艺术运动的倡导者,英国著名的作家、诗人、戏剧家、艺术家、童话家。《典雅》杂志将他和安徒生相提并论。
王尔德生于爱尔兰都柏林的一个家世卓越的家庭,是家中的次子。他的父亲威廉姆·怀尔德爵士是一个外科医生,他的母亲是一位诗人与作家。
王尔德自幼便显示很高的天赋,他精通法语、德语和古典文学。
王尔德自都柏林圣三一学院(Trinity College)毕业后,获得奖学金,于1874年进入牛津大学莫德林学院(Magdalen College)学习。在牛津,王尔德受到了沃尔特·佩特及约翰·拉斯金的审美观念影响,并接触了新黑格尔派哲学、达尔文进化论和拉斐尔前派的作品,这为他之后成为唯美主义先锋作家确立了方向。 精彩书评
Grade 10 Up-"The Whole Story" format provides illustrations and annotations to the classic text. Ross's lively and sophisticated cartoons add interest, and historical information helps readers place the novel in proper context and gives insight into its characters. The problem with this attractive, glossy layout, however, is that the text and the quotes pulled from it are not always on the same page. Further, some illustrations and notations visually cut into the narrative and may distract readers. For example, a drawing appears on the first page along with the passage, "In the centre of the room, clamped to an upright easel, stood the full-length portrait of a young man of extraordinary personal beauty," but that quote does not appear until the second page of the story. Useful as a supplement to the original novel, but not a replacement for it.
——Karen Hoth, Marathon Middle/High School, FL
黑暗的魅力与道德的沦丧:《道林·格雷的画像》与相关文本的深度剖析 奥斯卡·王尔德的《道林·格雷的画像》(The Picture of Dorian Gray)无疑是维多利亚时代末期文学史上的一颗璀璨而又危险的宝石。它不仅是一部关于美貌、享乐主义和道德腐败的哥特式小说,更是一部对十九世纪社会规范、艺术本质以及人性深处欲望的辛辣讽刺与深刻探讨。然而,当我们聚焦于王尔德广阔的文学版图时,会发现除了这部标志性的长篇小说之外,他还留下了大量同样引人入胜、风格独特的戏剧、诗歌、散文和书信。这些作品共同构建了一个复杂而迷人的文学世界,其深度与广度,远超单纯对一个“画像”故事的解读。 一、 戏剧的巅峰:对僵化社会的无情解剖 王尔德的戏剧创作,是其机智和尖锐洞察力的集中体现。他以“唯美主义”的旗手身份,对当时中上流社会的虚伪、陈腐和道德僵化进行了无情的嘲讽。《道林·格雷的画像》探讨了个体灵魂的堕落,而他的喜剧则将矛头指向了集体行为的荒谬。 《不可儿戏》(The Importance of Being Earnest) 无疑是其中的巅峰之作。这部被誉为“荷马式”的喜剧,以其近乎荒诞的精确性,展现了维多利亚时代贵族阶层对身份、婚姻和责任的轻率态度。故事围绕着两个使用相同假名“厄内斯特”的年轻人展开,通过误会、错位和一系列机智的对白,王尔德揭示了“表面现象”在当时社会中的至高无上的地位。他借用人物之口,提出了许多至今仍为人称道的格言,例如:“我从不相信我没有亲眼见过的事物。”或者关于“好意”的讽刺。这部剧的魅力不在于其情节的复杂性,而在于其语言的纯粹性——每一个词语都经过精心打磨,旨在达到纯粹的美学效果,同时又精准地击中了社会弊病。 《温夫人的扇子》(Lady Windermere's Fan) 则更侧重于探讨女性的道德标准和公众审判的残酷性。剧中探讨了“一位好女人”与“一个有过去的人”之间的界限,以其高潮部分的戏剧性反转,迫使观众重新审视自己对贞洁和宽恕的定义。王尔德在此剧中展现了比《道林·格雷的画像》更为温和(尽管依然犀利)的道德探讨,尤其关注了社会如何用双重标准对待男性和女性的过失。 他的早期剧作,如《狱中记》(Vera; or, The Nihilist) 和 《意大利的贵族》(The Duke of Milan's Tragedy),虽然在风格上略显稚嫩,但已经显露出他对宏大主题、命运抗争以及浪漫悲剧的兴趣,为他后来的讽刺喜剧奠定了对人性复杂性的认知基础。 二、 诗歌与美学的宣言 王尔德的文学追求,核心在于“为艺术而艺术”(Art for Art's Sake)的信条。尽管他后期的戏剧成就更为突出,但他早期是以诗人身份崭露头角的。《道林·格雷的画像》的哲学基础,很大程度上源于他对美学原则的坚持。 他的诗歌集,例如《诗集》(Poems, 1881),充满了对古典主义、异域风情和感官享乐的赞美。这些作品深受斯威本(Algernon Charles Swinburne)和勃兰特(Dante Gabriel Rossetti)等前拉斐尔派诗人的影响。诗歌如《夜莺》(The Nightingale)或《乌鸦》(The Raven)展示了一种对哀伤与沉醉的迷恋,强调了形式的完美胜过情感的真挚。在这些诗中,美本身就是目的,任何道德教化的意图都被刻意排斥,这正是小说中道林·格雷所追求的生活哲学的诗意表达。 此外,他对希腊神话和古典文学的重新诠释,也体现在其叙事诗中,他试图将现代的感官体验融入到古老的叙事框架内,构建一种超越时空的美学体验。 三、 散文与批评:对时代的诊断书 如果说《道林·格雷的画像》是对一个特定灵魂的观察,那么王尔德的散文和文学评论,则是他对整个时代精神的全面诊断。这些作品展示了王尔德作为一位文化评论家的深刻洞察力。 《意图》(Intentions) 是一部至关重要的文集,其中收录了著名的对话体文章,如《作为艺术批评的对话》(The Critic as Artist)和《衰败的艺术》(The Decay of Lying)。在这些篇章中,王尔德系统地阐述了他的美学理论: 1. 艺术的独立性: 艺术不应该模仿自然,而自然才应该模仿艺术。 2. 批评的创造性: 好的批评本身就是一种艺术创造,它超越了原作,赋予了作品新的生命。 3. 谎言的必要性: “生活模仿艺术甚于艺术模仿生活。”他主张,理想化的虚构和精心的“谎言”比粗糙的“真实”更能提升人类的精神境界。 这些散文不仅是对小说中享乐主义哲学的理论支持,更是对当时热衷于现实主义和自然主义文学潮流的直接反击。 四、 隐秘的告白与生命的终章 在王尔德生命后期,尤其是在他遭受牢狱之灾后,他的作品风格发生了戏剧性的转变。这些后期的作品虽然数量不多,但情感上的重量和精神上的深度,是早期作品无法比拟的。 《狱中记》(De Profundis) 是一封写给前情人道格拉斯勋爵的万言长信,它构成了王尔德人生和艺术的终极反思。这封信充满了痛苦、悔恨、对友谊的审视,以及对耶稣基督作为“至高无上的唯美主义者”的重新理解。在《道林·格雷的画像》中,道林最终被他自己的罪恶所毁灭,而在《狱中记》中,王尔德则试图在自我放逐和苦难中,重建一种更具同情心和更深刻的道德基础。信中对爱与背叛的剖析,其细腻和坦诚远超小说中所有人物的对话总和。 此外,《球王山》(The Ballad of Reading Gaol) 也是这一时期的杰作。这首长诗以一种近乎残酷的现实主义笔触,描绘了监狱生活及其对人性的扭曲。诗歌中充满了对社会不公和刑罚制度的控诉,标志着王尔德从专注于上流社会审美情趣的唯美主义者,蜕变为关注人类共同苦难的社会观察家。 总而言之,围绕《道林·格雷的画像》的文学宇宙,是一个由华丽的喜剧、尖锐的批评、古典的诗歌和痛苦的自白所构筑的完整世界。它展示了一个天才作家如何从对美的狂热追求,走向对人性的深刻怜悯。要真正理解道林·格雷的命运,就必须将他置于王尔德全部的文字遗产之中去考察,才能看到这位作家在艺术与道德的复杂边缘所留下的不朽印记。