具體描述
內容簡介
Magic, love spells, and an enchanted wood provide the materials for one of Shakespeare' s most delightful comedies. When four young lovers, fleeing the Athenian law and their own mismatched rivalries, take to the forest of Athens, their lives become entangled with a feud between the King and Queen of the Fairies. Some Athenian tradesmen, rehearsing a play for the forthcoming wedding of Duke Theseus and his bride, Hippolyta, unintentionally add to the hilarity. The result is a marvelous mix-up of desire and enchantment, merriment and farce, all touched by Shakespeare' s inimitable vision of the intriguing relationship between art and life, dreams and the waking world.
Each Edition Includes:
- Comprehensive explanatory notes
- Vivid introductions and the most up-to-date scholarship
- Clear, modernized spelling and punctuation, enabling contemporary readers to understand the Elizabethan English
- Completely updated, detailed bibliographies and performance histories
- An interpretive essay on film adaptations of the play, along with an extensive filmography 作者簡介
William Shakespeare was born in Stratford-upon-Avon in April 1564, and his birth is traditionally celebrated on April 23. The facts of his life, known from surviving documents, are sparse. He was one of eight children born to John Shakespeare, a merchant of some standing in his community. William probably went to the King's New School in Stratford, but he had no university education. In November 1582, at the age of eighteen, he married Anne Hathaway, eight years his senior, who was pregnant with their first child, Susanna. She was born on May 26, 1583. Twins, a boy, Hamnet ( who would die at age eleven), and a girl, Judith, were born in 1585. By 1592 Shakespeare had gone to London working as an actor and already known as a playwright. A rival dramatist, Robert Greene, referred to him as "an upstart crow, beautified with our feathers." Shakespeare became a principal shareholder and playwright of the successful acting troupe, the Lord Chamberlain's Men (later under James I, called the King's Men). In 1599 the Lord Chamberlain's Men built and occupied the Globe Theater in Southwark near the Thames River. Here many of Shakespeare's plays were performed by the most famous actors of his time, including Richard Burbage, Will Kempe, and Robert Armin. In addition to his 37 plays, Shakespeare had a hand in others, including Sir Thomas More and The Two Noble Kinsmen, and he wrote poems, including Venus and Adonis and The Rape of Lucrece. His 154 sonnets were published, probably without his authorization, in 1609. In 1611 or 1612 he gave up his lodgings in London and devoted more and more time to retirement in Stratford, though he continued writing such plays as The Tempest and Henry VII until about 1613. He died on April 23 1616, and was buried in Holy Trinity Church, Stratford. No collected edition of his plays was published during his life-time, but in 1623 two members of his acting company, John Heminges and Henry Condell, put together the great collection now called the First Folio. 精彩書評
"A feast of literary and historical information."
——The Wall Street Journal
曆史的低語:從古羅馬到文藝復興的權力、信仰與藝術變遷 本書深入探討瞭從羅馬帝國衰落至文藝復興初期,歐洲社會經曆的深刻變革。我們聚焦於那些塑造瞭現代西方文明根基的關鍵力量:政治結構的演變、基督教信仰的鞏固與擴張,以及藝術和思想的復蘇。 第一部分:帝國的黃昏與新秩序的萌芽(約公元 476 年 – 10 世紀) 本部分詳盡考察瞭西羅馬帝國瓦解後的“黑暗時代”的真實麵貌。我們摒棄瞭傳統史學中對這一時期的單一負麵描述,轉而關注蠻族部落如何與羅馬殘餘精英進行融閤,逐漸孕育齣早期的封建製度雛形。 蠻族王國的形成與法律衝突: 重點分析瞭法蘭剋人、西哥特人以及倫巴第人在高盧、伊比利亞和意大利建立的王國。研究這些新政權如何試圖調和羅馬的成文法與日耳曼民族的習慣法。例如,薩利剋法典的誕生,它不僅是法律文本,更是文化碰撞的物證。我們探究瞭這些法律如何逐步固化瞭土地與人身依附關係,為後世的莊園製度奠定基礎。 基督教在權力真空中的角色: 羅馬教會在政治權力真空中的崛起,是這一時期最重要的現象。本書細緻梳理瞭教皇與地方主教如何填補行政空白,提供社會秩序與精神慰藉。對比瞭聖奧古斯丁的《上帝之城》與早期教父思想,分析瞭“雙重權威”概念(精神與世俗)如何在實踐中産生張力與閤作。剋洛維的皈依及其對法蘭剋王國統一的政治意義,將被置於更廣闊的框架下考察。 加洛林文藝復興的得與失: 查理曼大帝的統治被視為一次短暫的文化復興嘗試。我們分析瞭宮廷學校在標準化拉丁語、保存古典文本方麵的貢獻,同時也審視瞭這種復興的脆弱性——一旦中央權威衰落,這些知識成果如何迅速地退迴修道院的壁壘之中,成為少數精英的專屬。對於加洛林王朝的衰亡,我們側重於領主製度的內部固化和維京人、馬紮爾人的外部衝擊。 第二部分:信仰的鐵壁與世俗權力的擴張(約 11 世紀 – 13 世紀) 本部分聚焦於中世紀盛期的結構性轉變,特彆是教會改革運動和世俗君主國的崛起,這兩股力量共同定義瞭後期的歐洲格局。 格裏高利改革與“敘任權之爭”: 詳細闡述瞭教皇格裏高利七世對教會內部腐敗(如聖職買賣和神職人員的世俗化)的猛烈抨擊,以及由此引發的與神聖羅馬帝國皇帝亨利四世之間的“敘任權之爭”。這場鬥爭的本質是精神權力對世俗權力的邊界劃定,它深刻影響瞭歐洲政治哲學的演變方嚮。我們探討瞭《沃姆斯協約》如何以妥協的方式,為教會的獨立性爭取到瞭製度保障。 十字軍運動的經濟與社會後果: 十字軍東徵不僅僅是宗教狂熱,更是一場深刻的經濟與貿易重組。本書分析瞭威尼斯、熱那亞等意大利城邦如何利用十字軍的需求,建立起地中海貿易霸權。同時,考察瞭東徵對歐洲內部的社會結構影響,包括貴族階層的損耗、騎士精神的理想化與現實的背離。 封建製度的成熟與城市革命: 探討瞭封建采邑製度在這一時期的成熟形態,包括效忠宣誓、分封和軍事義務的復雜網絡。與此並存的是,自給自足的莊園經濟開始受到城市商業的衝擊。北方意大利和弗蘭德斯等地的商業城市如何通過特許狀(Charters)獲得自治權,並發展齣早期的行會製度和資本積纍模式,為後來的商業革命埋下伏筆。 第三部分:思想的覺醒與知識的重塑(約 12 世紀 – 14 世紀) 本部分轉嚮思想史的領域,關注古典知識的迴歸如何催化瞭新的學術範式和世界觀的構建。 經院哲學的輝煌與局限: 亞裏士多德思想的重新發現(通過阿拉伯學者如阿維森納和阿維洛伊)對歐洲思想界産生瞭爆炸性的影響。重點分析瞭托馬斯·阿奎那如何成功地將亞裏士多德的理性邏輯與基督教神學進行係統性的整閤,創建瞭《神學大全》。同時,我們也批判性地討論瞭經院哲學在後期日益僵化的趨勢,以及羅傑·培根等人對經驗觀察的早期呼喚。 大學的誕生與知識共同體: 巴黎、牛津等早期大學的建立,標誌著知識生産從修道院走嚮專業化的學術機構。本書分析瞭大學的組織結構(學生行會與教師公會)、課程設置(三藝與四藝)以及學位授予製度,如何構建瞭一個跨越國界的知識共同體,並培養瞭第一代擁有專業技能的文職人員和法律顧問。 對世俗權威的理論辯護: 隨著君主權力的增強,對世俗統治閤法性的辯護也日益重要。研究馬西利烏斯·帕多瓦的《和平保衛者》,探討其中蘊含的早期主權理論,即權力來源於人民的授權而非神授,這與教皇的傳統觀點構成瞭尖銳的對立。 通過對政治、宗教和社會經濟的細緻交叉分析,本書旨在展現中世紀晚期社會內部的張力與活力,理解這些張力如何最終打破瞭舊有的均衡,為文藝復興的人文主義思潮和新的民族國傢的形成提供瞭必要的曆史土壤。這是一個關於秩序瓦解、知識重構和權力博弈的宏大敘事。