書名:現代VLSI設計:片上係統設計(第3版)(改編版)
:48.20元
售價:32.8元,便宜15.4元,摺扣68
作者:沃爾夫
齣版社:高等教育齣版社
齣版日期:2006-02-01
ISBN:9787040182552
字數:
頁碼:604
版次:1
裝幀:平裝
開本:16開
商品重量:0.4kg
《現代VLSI設計:片上係統設計(第3版改編版)》是一本介紹現代VLSI芯片設計過程的書籍,改編自PEARSONEDUCATION齣版的ModerVLSI Design:System-on-Chip Design(3/e)一書。書中全麵地論述瞭VLSI芯片設計的有關問題,反映瞭目前SoC的新進展,並介紹瞭SoC的設計方法。全書共分10章。內容包括:數字係統與VLSl,晶體管的版圖設計,邏輯門,組閤邏輯網絡,時序電路,子係統設計,自頂嚮下設計,係統設計,芯片設計,CAD係統及算法,另有3個附錄。每章末尾均附有難度不同的習題。附錄中還提供瞭豐富而實用的詞匯錶。改編者保持原書的風格和原有體係結構,根據國內的教學要求和課程設置,調整瞭原書的一些內容,使之更適閤我國高等學校作為教材使用。
《現代VLSI設計:片上係統設計(第3版改編版)》可作為高校電子工程、計算機科學與工程、微電子半導體等專業的高年級本科生和研究生的教材或教學參考書,也可供從事芯片設計的工程技術人員作為參考書使用。
Preface to the Third Editioix
Preface to the Second Editioxi
Preface xiii
1 Digital Systems and VLSI 1
1.1 Why DesigIntegrated Circuits 1
1.2 Integrated Circuit Manufacturing 4
1.2.1 Technology 4
1.2.2 Economics 6
1.3 CMOS Technology 15
1.3.1 CMOS Circuit Techniques 15
1.3.2 Power Consumptio16
1.3.3 Desigand Testability 17
1.4 Integrated Circuit DesigTechniques 18
1.4.1 Hierarchical Desig19
1.4.2 DesigAbstractio22
1.4.3 Computer-Aided Desig28
1.5 A Look into the Future 30
1.6 Summary 31
1.7 References 31
1.8 Problems 32
2 Transistors and Layout 33
2.1 Introductio33
2.2 FabricatioProcesses 34
2.2.1 Overview 34
2.2.2 FabricatioSteps 37
2.3 Transistors 40
2.3.1 Structure of the Transistor 40
2.3.2 A Simple Transistor Model 45
2.3.3 Transistor Parasitics 48
2.3.4 Tub Ties and Latchup 50
2.3.5 Advanced Transistor Characteristics 53
2.3.6 Leakage and Subthreshold Currents 60
2.3.7 Advanced Transistor Structures 61
2.3.8 Spice Models 61
2.4 Wires and Vias 62
2.4.1 Wire Parasitics 65
2.4.2 SkiEffect iCopper Interconnect 72
2.5 DesigRules 74
2.5.1 FabricatioErrors 75
2.5.2 Scalable DesigRules 77
2.5.3 SCMOS DesigRules 79
2.5.4 Typical Process Parameters 83
2.6 Layout Desigand Tools 83
2.6.1 Layouts for Circuits 83
2.6.2 Stick Diagrams 88
2.6.3 Layout Desigand Analysis Tools 90
2.6.4 Automatic Layout 94
2.7 References 97
2.8 Problems 97
3 Logic Gates 105
3.1 Introductio105
3.2 Static Complementary Gates 106
3.2.1 Gate Structures 106
3.2.2 Basic Gate Layouts 110
3.2.3 Logic Levels 113
3.2.4 Delay and TransitioTime 118
3.2.5 Power Consumptio127
3.2.6 The Speed-Power Product 130
3.2.7 Layout and Parasitics 131
3.2.8 Driving Large Loads 134
3.3 Switch Logic 135
3.4 Alternative Gate Circuits 136
3.4.1 Pseudo-nMOS Logic 137
3.4.2 DCVS Logic 139
3.4.3 Domino Logic 141
3.5 Low-Power Gates 146
3.6 Delay Through Resistive Interconnect 152
3.6.1 Delay Through aRC TransmissioLine 152
3.6.2 Delay Through RC Trees 155
3.6.3 Buffer InsertioiRC TransmissioLines 159
3.6.4 Crosstalk BetweeRC Wires 161
3.7 Delay Through Inductive Interconnect 164
3.7.1 RLC Basics 165
3.7.2 RLC TransmissioLine Delay 166
3.7.3 Buffer InsertioiRLC TransmissioLines 167
3.8 References 169
3.9 Problems 171
4 Combinational Logic Networks 177
4.1 Introductio177
4.2 Standard Cell-Based Layout 178
4.2.1 Single-Row Layout Desig179
4.2.2 Standard Cell Layout Desig188
4.3 Simulatio190
4.4 Combinational Network Delay 194
4.4.1 Fanout 195
4.4.2 Path Delay 196
4.4.3 Transistor Sizing 201
4.4.4 Automated Logic Optimizatio210
4.5 Logic and Interconnect Desig211
4.5.1 Delay Modeling 212
4.5.2Wire Sizing 213
4.5.3 Buffer Insertio214
4.5.4 Crosstalk Minimizatio216
4.6 Power Optimizatio221
4.6.1 Power Analysis 221
4.7 Switch Logic Networks 225
4.8 Combinational Logic Testing 229
4.8.1 Gate Testing 231
4.8.2 Combinational Network Testing 234
4.9 References 236
4.10 Problems 236
5 Sequential Machines 241
5.1 Introductio241
5.2 Latches and Flip-Hops 242
5.2.1 Categories of Memory Elements 242
5.2.2 Latches 244
5.2.3 Flip-Flops 251
5.3 Sequential Systems and Clocking Disciplines 252
5.3.1 One-Phase Systems for Flip-Flops 255
5.3.2 Two-Phase Systems for Latches 257
5.3.3 Advanced Clocking Analysis 265
5.3.4 Clock Generatio272
5.4 Sequential System Desig273
5.4.1 Structural Specificatioof Sequential Machines 273
5.4.2 State TransitioGraphs and Tables 275
5.4.3 State Assignment 284
5.5 Power Optimizatio290
5.6 DesigValidatio291
5.7 Sequential Testing 293
5.8 References 300
5.9 Problems 300
6 Subsystem Desig303
6.1 Introductio303
6.2 Subsystem DesigPrinciples 306
6.2.1 Pipelining 306
6.2.2 Data Paths 308
6.3 Combinational Shifters 311
6.4 Adders 314
6.5 ALUs 321
6.6 Multipliers 322
6.7 High-Density Memory 331
6.7.1 ROM 333
6.7.2 Static RAM 335
6.7.3 The Three-Transistor Dynamic RAM 339
6.7.4 The One-Transistor Dynamic RAM 340
6.8 References 344
6.9 Problems 344
7 Floorplanning 347
7.1 Introductio347
7.2 Floorplanning Methods 348
7.2.1 Block Placement and Channel Definitio352
7.2.2 Global Routing 358
7.2.3 Switchbox Routing 360
7.2.4 Power Distributio361
7.2.5 Clock Distributio364
7.2.6 Floorplanning Tips 369
7.2.7 DesigValidatio370
7.3 Off-Chip Connections 371
7.3.1 Packages 371
7.3.2 The I/O Architecture 375
7.3.3 Pad Desig376
7.4 References 379
7.5 Problems 381
8 Architecture Desig387
8.1 Introductio387
8.2 Hardware DescriptioLanguages 388
8.2.1 Modeling with Hardware DescriptioLanguages 388
8.2.2 VHDL 393
8.2.3 Verilog 402
8.2.4 C as a Hardware DescriptioLanguage 409
8.3 Register-Transfer Desig410
8.3.1 Data Path-Controller Architectures 412
8.3.2ASM Chart Desig413
8.4 High-Level Synthesis 422
8.4.1 Functional Modeling Programs 424
8.4.2 Data 425
8.4.3 Control 435
8.4.4 Data and Control 441
8.4.5 DesigMethodology 443
8.5 Architectures for Low Power 444
8.5.1 Architecture-DriveVoltage Scaling 445
8.5.2 Power-DowModes 446
8.6 Systems-on-Chips and Embedded CPUs 447
8.7 Architecture Testing 453
8.8 References 457
8.9 Problems 457
9 Chip Desig461
9.1 Introductio461
9.2 DesigMethodologies 461
9.3 KitcheTimerChip 470
9.3.1 Timer Specificatioand Architecture 471
9.3.2 Architecture Desig473
9.3.3 Logic and Layout Desig478
9.3.4 DesigValidatio485
9.4 Microprocessor Data Path 488
9.4.1 Data Path Organizatio489
9.4.2 Clocking and Bus Desig490
9.4.3 Logic and Layout Desig492
9.5 References 494
9.6 Problems 495
10 CAD Systems and Algorithms 497
10.1 Introductio498
10.2 CAD Systems 498
10.3 Switch-Level Simulatio499
10.4 Layout Synthesis 501
10,4,1 Placement 503
10.4.2 Global Routing 506
10.4.3 Detailed Routing 508
10.5 Layout Analysis 510
10.6 Timing AnalysisandOptimizatio512
10.7 Logic Synthesis 517
10.7.1 Technology-Independent Logic Optimizatio518
10.7.2 Technology-Dependent Logic Optimizations 525
10.8 Test Generatio528
10.9 Sequential Machine Optimizations 530
10.10 Scheduling and Binding 532
10.11 Hardware/Software Co-Desig534
10.12 References 535
10.13 Problems 535
A Chip Designers Lexico539
B Chip DesigProjects 557
B.1 Class Project Ideas 557
B.2 Project Proposal and Specificatio558
B.3 DesigPla559
B.4 DesigCheckpoints and Documentatio562
B.4.1 Subsystems Check 563
B.4.2 First Layout Check 563
B.4.3 Project Completio563
C KitcheTimer Model 565
C.1 Hardware Modeling iC 565
C.I.1 Simulator 567
C.1.2 Sample Executio573
References 577
Index 593
A register-transfer simulator exhibits the correct cycle-by-cycle behavior atits inputs and outputs, but the internal implementatioof the simulator mayhave nothing to do with the logic implementation. Several specialized languages for hardware descriptioand simulatiohave beedeveloped. Hardware simulatiolanguages, such as VHDL and Vefilog, provide primitiveswhich model the parallelism of logic gate evaluation, delays, etc., so that astructural descriptiolike a list automatically provides accurate simulation. Ia pinch, a C program makes a passable register-transfer simulator:the ponent is modeled as a procedure, which takes inputs for one cycleand generates the outputs for that cycle. However, hardware modeling iCor other general-purpose programming languages requires more attentiotothe mechanics of simulation.
A logic simulator accepts a list whose ponents are logic gates. Thesimulator evaluates the output of each logic gate based othe values pre-sented at the gates inputs. You catrace though the work to find logicbugs, paring the actual value of a wire to what you think the valueshould be. Verilog and VHDL cabe used for logic simulation: a libraryprovides simulatiomodels for the logic gates; a list tells the simulationsystem how the ponents are wired together.
如果說這本書有什麼讓人感到“厚重”的地方,那可能就是它對設計流程中潛在陷阱和“坑點”的詳盡披露。很多教材往往隻展示理想化的、教科書式的設計路徑,但現實中的芯片設計充滿瞭各種意想不到的挑戰,比如耦閤噪聲、IR Drop、以及不同IP核之間的不兼容性。這本書的不同尋常之處在於,它勇敢地將這些“暗礁”也呈現在讀者麵前。它不是簡單地告訴你“要做好電源完整性”,而是深入分析瞭為何在特定工藝節點下,某個電阻值會導緻特定區域的電壓降超過閾值,以及如何通過迭代仿真來規避它。這種帶著“實戰經驗”的敘事風格,讓這本書的實用價值遠超理論參考書。它似乎在不斷提醒我:“彆光看模型,要看物理現實。”對於那些計劃未來從事IC後端或物理設計工作的同仁來說,這種前瞻性的風險提示是無價之寶。它培養的不是隻會套公式的工程師,而是懂得在約束條件下尋求最優解的實乾傢。
評分我注意到這本書在內容組織上,非常注重不同設計領域間的橫嚮聯係和垂直整閤。它不僅僅將VLSI設計視為一個孤立的電子工程分支,而是巧妙地將其嵌入到整個電子係統和市場需求的宏大背景中去考察。例如,在討論特定架構選擇時,作者會提及該架構對軟件優化和係統功耗預算的具體影響,這對於現代片上係統(SoC)設計人員來說至關重要,因為如今的IC設計越來越需要跨越硬件和軟件的界限。書中對接口協議,尤其是高速串行和並行接口的設計考慮,也給予瞭足夠的篇幅,並且將這些物理層麵的挑戰與係統級帶寬需求緊密掛鈎。閱讀過程中,我一直在思考如何將書中的知識點應用到我正在進行的項目中,發現這本書提供瞭一個極佳的框架,讓我能夠係統性地審視和優化當前的設計決策,確保我們不僅實現瞭功能,更實現瞭在性能、功耗和麵積(PPA)上的最佳平衡。這本書的價值在於,它教會我們如何像係統架構師一樣思考。
評分這本書的封麵設計簡直是一場視覺的盛宴,那種深邃的藍色調配上簡潔有力的標題字體,立刻讓人感受到其中蘊含的科技感與專業深度。我翻開第一頁,那種紙張的質感就讓人心情愉悅,不像有些技術書籍那樣粗糙,這本的裝幀顯然是下過一番功夫的。內容方麵,盡管我尚未深入研究每一個細節,但從目錄和前言就能看齣作者在梳理概念上的獨到匠心。特彆是對那些復雜的數字邏輯和模擬電路交織部分的介紹,行文流暢,邏輯嚴密,仿佛有一個經驗豐富的前輩在你耳邊娓娓道來,而不是冷冰冰地堆砌公式。初讀下來,感覺它不僅僅是一本教材,更像是一本能夠引導讀者建立完整係統觀的思維導圖。書中對設計流程的劃分,清晰地展示瞭從概念構想到最終物理實現的每一步關鍵決策點,這對於我這種正在努力構建全局視野的初學者來說,無疑是最好的指引。我對其中關於設計驗證與仿真章節的期待值非常高,希望能看到更貼近業界前沿的實踐案例和工具鏈介紹,讓理論與實踐的鴻溝得以有效彌閤。
評分這本書的排版和圖文布局,簡直是教科書級彆的典範。很多技術書籍為瞭塞進盡可能多的信息,往往犧牲瞭閱讀體驗,使得圖錶與文字之間缺乏必要的呼吸空間,讓人讀起來非常費力。然而,這本卻是個例外。它的留白處理得恰到好處,關鍵的結構圖和波形示意圖都用高分辨率的彩色印刷呈現,色彩的區分非常清晰,對於理解信號流和數據通路至關重要。特彆是那些用於解釋復雜時序或時鍾域交叉(CDC)問題的插圖,色彩對比度和標記的精確性,讓原本晦澀難懂的邏輯關係變得一目瞭然。我甚至在某些段落感受到瞭一種閱讀藝術品的愉悅感,這極大地提升瞭我持續學習的動力。在處理專業術語時,作者采用瞭一種非常人性化的處理方式:第一次齣現時不僅給齣全稱和縮寫,還會簡短地在腳注或旁注中提供一個精煉的解釋,避免瞭頻繁翻閱術語錶的麻煩。這種對讀者體驗的細緻入微的關注,體現瞭作者深厚的教學功底和對讀者的尊重。
評分閱讀這本書的過程,更像是一場與作者思想的深度對話,而不是簡單的知識灌輸。我尤其欣賞作者在闡述那些抽象概念時,總能巧妙地引入生動的比喻和曆史演進的視角。比如,在講解功耗優化策略時,書中不僅羅列瞭各種降低動態和靜態功耗的技術,還追溯瞭這些技術是如何隨著半導體工藝節點的演進而不斷被迭代和強化的。這種“知其所以然”的敘述方式,極大地增強瞭知識的粘閤度,讓我不僅僅停留在“記住這個公式”的層麵,而是理解瞭“為什麼必須用這個公式”背後的物理和工程權衡。書中對於不同設計層次——從晶體管級彆到係統級——的抽象和封裝處理得極其到位,避免瞭初學者在麵對龐大係統時望而卻步的窘境。它教會我如何在宏觀層麵把握架構,又能在微觀層麵進行深入的細節打磨。這種平衡感的營造,是很多同類書籍難以企及的。我感覺作者本人對這個領域的熱愛和敬畏之心,都滲透在瞭每一個標點符號之中。
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