內容簡介
《新概念英語(4)(練習冊)(新版)》是《新概念英語》第4冊《流利英語》的配套書麵練習,每課一組練習。每課練習包含兩頁內容。理解練習,這些練習測試您理解課文與真實情景的能力以及對所讀內容進行推斷的能力。語言練習,這些練習測試您句法、語法以及詞匯方麵的能力。
內頁插圖
目錄
Lesson 1 Finding fossilman
Lesson 2 Spare that spider
Lesson 3 Matterhorn man
Lesson 4 Seeinghands
Lesson 5 Youth
Lesson 6 The sporting spirit
Lesson 7 Bats
Lesson 8 Trading standards
Lesson 9 Royalespionage
Lesson 10 Silicon Valley
Lesson 11 How to grow old
Lesson 12 Banks and their customers
Lesson 13 The search for oil
Lesson 14 The Butterfly Effect
Lesson 15 Secrecyinindustry
Lesson 16 The modern city
Lesson 17 A man-made disease
Lesson 18 Porpoises
Lesson 19 The stuff of dreams
Lesson 20 Snake poison
Lesson 21 William S. Hart and the early Western film
Lesson 22 Knowledge andprogress
Lesson 23 Bird flight
Lesson 24 Beauty
Lesson 25 Non-auditory effects of noise
Lesson 26 The past life of the earth
Lesson 27 The Vasa
Lesson 28 Patients and doctors
Lesson 29 The hovercraft
Lesson 30 Exploring the sea-floor
Lesson 31 The sculptor speaks
Lesson 32 Galileo reborn
Lesson 33 Education
Lesson 34 Adolescence
Lesson 35 Space odyssey
Lesson 36 The cost ofgovernment
Lesson 37 Theprocess ofageing
Lesson 38 Water and the traveller
Lesson 39 What every writer wants
Lesson 40 Waves
Lesson 41 Training elephants
Lesson 42 Recording an earthquake
Lesson 43 Are there strangers in space?
Lesson 44 Patterns ofculture
Lesson 45 Ofmen and galaxies
Lesson 46 Hobbies
Lesson 47 The great escape
Lesson 48 Planning a share portfolio
Workbook key
精彩書摘
5.______________speaking, we all agreewith you.
(a) Widely
(b) Roundly
(c) Thickly
(d) Broadly
6 She was___________hurt by what her friend said about her.
(a) deeply
(b) deep
(c) deeper
(d) deepest
7 The police said that everything the manhad done was_______________ suspicious.
(a) highly
(b) high
(c) deeply
(d) deep
8 When we found the main road closed, wehad to find an ____________ route.
(a) alternative
(b) altering
(c) alternating
(d) altered
C Composition
Using the notes below, write a short account (300-400 words) of the life of Winston Churchill.Begin with the words: Sir Winston Churchill, one of England's greatest statesmen
b. 1874 Blenheim Palace, Woodstock, England ~ son of Lord Randolph Churchill descendant of lst Duke of Marlborough Educated Harrow (School) and Sandhurst (Royal Military Academy)1897-1898, served in army abroad; then London newspaper correspondent in Boer War,captured, escaped. 1900entered parliament, first as Conservative, then as Liberal.1906-1910 various government positions First World War ~ 1917 appointed Minister of Munitions; /9/9-/92/ Secretary of State for War and Air Mid-1930s ~ warned country about rise of power of Nazi Germany ~ warnings not heeded. 1940 Neville Chamberlain resigned as Prime Minister ~ Churchill became P.M. of coalition for 5 years warEarly on, gained loyalty of British people and confidence of Allies; very popular, and highly competent speaker ~ able to convince people they would w/n the war 1945 ~ lost General Election, but P.M. again in 1951 1955 ~ handed premiership to Anthony Edend.1965 on death, treated almost like royalty; lay in state in Westminster Abbey, andstate funeral procession through LondonAlso known for his painting and writing. Titles include My Early Life (1930), History ofthe Second World War (6 vols, 1948-1954), A History of the English Speaking Peoples(1956-1958); and famous for his large cigars!1953 awarded Nobel Prize for LiteraturePerhaps most famous quotation?: I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears and sweat. '(from speech in House of Commons on becoming Prime Minister, 13 May 1940)
A Comprehension
This is a short magazine feature in which three people talk about their most recent holiday and what they thought of /t. Read /t. For items 1-10 opposite, choose from the holidays A-C. The holidays may be chosen more than once. There are two answers to the last two questions.THREE VERY DIFFERENT HOLIDAYS Three people describe the holiday they have just had with their partner or familyHoliday A
It's not snobbery. It's just that we don't like package holidays or package tours, and quite honestly we have enough money to buy the best. This year again we went to an exclusivehotel in the Caribbean with everything you could possibly want and the beach two minutes'walk from our veranda.
It was absolute heaven - a holiday paradise, in fact. There were people there to cater for your every need at any time of the night or day. The doorman always had a smile on his face and was full of advice about the island, and the chambermaids were excellent. There was a certain refinement about the hotel, which was highly cosmopolitan, although many of the guests were American or British, and everyone spoke English.
Holiday B
Although we normally go on cycling holidays in England, we've just come back from our first camping holiday, and it was great! We drove all the way to the south of France where we had booked into one of the many excellent sites. Granted, it was organized camping, and some people have a low opinion of that, but it was very enjoyable. We got plenty of fresh air, often washing and showering in the open air, and we did a lot of walking. It was a very healthy holiday. We didn't need to take any camping equipment with us, although we obviously took outdoor clothes - anoraks, boots and so on. Everything had been thought of - inside the tent and outside.
There was no room here for insularity, with a Dutch family one side, a French fanuly the other, an Indian family opposite and, in the tent behind, a family from Sweden. It was like the United Nations !
……
好的,以下是一本不包含《朗文·外研社·新概念英語4(練習冊)[New Concept English(New Edition)]》內容的圖書簡介,力求詳實,並模擬專業齣版物的風格: --- 《現代漢語音韻學導論:理論與應用》 作者: 王承德 教授 齣版社: 華夏學術齣版社 齣版日期: 2024年10月 ISBN: 978-7-5087-2891-6 內容提要: 本書是麵嚮語音學、語言學專業本科高年級及研究生的一部係統性、前沿性的教材與參考書。它立足於現代漢語的實際語言材料,全麵梳理瞭自上世紀中葉以來漢語音韻學研究的理論基石、核心議題、主流方法論及其最新的發展趨勢。 《現代漢語音韻學導論》旨在幫助學習者構建一個清晰、嚴謹的漢語音韻學知識框架。全書結構嚴謹,內容涵蓋瞭語音學基礎、音位係統、音變規律、曆史比較、方言差異以及當代技術在音韻學研究中的應用等多個維度。 本書的特色在於: 1. 理論的整閤性: 不偏廢任何一種主流理論流派,係統介紹瞭結構主義、生成理論、最優性理論(OT)在漢語語音分析中的應用與局限。 2. 數據的代錶性: 選取瞭普通話、北方方言區代錶方言(如北京話、東北官話)的典型語音現象作為主要分析案例,同時兼顧瞭重要漢語方言(如官話內部、吳語、粵語、閩語)的對比分析,突齣瞭漢語語音係統的復雜性和多樣性。 3. 方法的實用性: 詳細闡述瞭音係分析的步驟、音位劃分的原則、韻律結構(如音節、足式、韻律詞)的界定方法,為學生進行獨立研究打下堅實的操作基礎。 --- 詳細章節介紹: 本書共分為十二個章節,旨在引導讀者從基礎概念逐步深入到復雜的前沿問題。 第一部分:基礎構建與理論溯源(第1章—第3章) 第1章:緒論:什麼是漢語音韻學? 本章界定瞭音韻學(Phonology)與語音學(Phonetics)的核心區彆,闡述瞭漢語音韻學作為一門學科的曆史地位和研究範疇。重點探討瞭“音位”、“變體”、“對立”等基本概念在漢語係統中的特殊錶現形式。並簡要迴顧瞭傳統“四聲”、“韻部”概念在現代音韻分析中的繼承與改造。 第2章:漢語語音的物理基礎與感知係統 為理解音韻現象,本章首先迴顧瞭聲學語音學和聽覺生理學的基礎知識。重點分析瞭漢語元音的特徵空間分布,輔音的調音特徵分類(特彆是送氣/不送氣、清濁對立的係統性探討),以及聲調作為音位特徵在音節結構中的核心地位。本章配有大量國際音標(IPA)標注和共振峰圖錶分析。 第3章:音位分析的原則與方法論 深入講解瞭如何識彆和確立一個語言的音位係統。詳細介紹瞭最小對立體、互補分布、自由變異等分析工具。針對漢語的特殊性,討論瞭聲調的音位化(是獨立的音位還是超音段特徵)的爭論,並介紹瞭如何利用這些原則來劃分北京話的輔音音位集。 第二部分:音係結構與核心規則(第4章—第7章) 第4章:音節結構與音段的層級分析 本章側重於音節的內部結構,包括音節的核(Nucleus)、韻頭(Onset)和韻尾(Coda)。重點探討瞭漢語的韻律語法的層次結構,如“韻段-音節-音步(Foot)-短語”的劃分。分析瞭不同方言中對音節結構限製的差異(例如,部分方言對韻尾塞音的嚴格限製)。 第5章:聲調係統:特徵、對立與聲調的音位學處理 聲調是漢語音韻學的核心。本章係統闡述瞭聲調的物理屬性(基頻F0)和音位屬性。詳細分析瞭“四聲”的起源和演變,並對比瞭“五度標記法”、“音高輪廓法”等不同聲調描述體係的優劣。特彆討論瞭聲調的交疊現象(Tone Sandhi),這是音韻規則形成的關鍵領域。 第6章:音變規則:順嚮、逆嚮與交替的生成分析 音變是研究動態變化的關鍵。本章將音變規則置於生成語音學的框架下進行分析。重點剖析瞭同化、異化、脫落、插入等常見的音變類型,並以“變調規則”和“輕聲”的形成機製為例,展示瞭規則的順序和環境依賴性。 第7章:韻律特徵與超音段現象 超越單純的音段層麵,本章聚焦於重音、語調(非聲調意義上的高低起伏)和節奏。探討瞭漢語是否存在獨立的重音音位,以及語調如何服務於篇章的信息結構(如焦點、背景)的標記功能。 第三部分:方言比較與曆史視角(第8章—第10章) 第8章:漢語方言的音韻差異與係統性對比 本章是本書的對比核心。通過選擇官話、吳語、粵語、閩語和客傢話中的代錶性樣本,係統對比瞭它們的聲母係統、韻母係統(特彆是元音的復雜程度)和聲調係統。重點分析瞭中古音的復雜係統如何在不同方言中經曆瞭不同路徑的分化與簡化。 第9章:中古音係重構與現代漢語的繼承 從曆史音韻學的角度齣發,迴顧瞭《切韻》和《廣韻》所反映的中古音係統。重點演示瞭如何利用現代方言材料(特彆是閩語和粵語)以及曆史文獻記錄,對中古的復雜韻部進行閤理的重構,並追蹤這些音係如何演化到現代普通話的簡化係統。 第10章:音韻係統在詞匯層麵的體現:詞重音與詞綴 探討音韻規則如何作用於詞匯層麵,而非僅僅句子層麵。分析瞭漢語中是否存在嚴格的詞重音,以及構詞過程(如閤成詞、派生詞)中音韻特徵的傳遞和固化現象。 第四部分:前沿探索與應用(第11章—第12章) 第11章:最優性理論(OT)在漢語音韻分析中的應用 本章將研究視角提升到最新的理論前沿。詳細介紹瞭最優性理論的基本框架——即約束(Constraints)的等級體係。將此理論應用於解釋漢語中看似矛盾的音變現象,例如,如何在同一係統中同時允許開放音節和有限的閉閤音節,並用OT模型來解決聲調的交疊衝突。 第12章:計算語言學與音韻學研究的新工具 本章麵嚮未來。介紹瞭現代計算機技術在處理大規模語音數據中的應用。討論瞭如何利用語料庫工具(如語料庫管理係統、聲學分析軟件)來輔助音韻分析,以及機器學習方法在預測音變趨勢和方言分類中的潛力與挑戰。 --- 本書適閤讀者: 語言學專業本科高年級學生: 作為音韻學核心課程的指定教材。 研究生: 用於深入理解理論前沿,並為畢業論文研究提供堅實的理論和方法論基礎。 對外漢語教學研究者: 深入理解漢語語音係統,優化教學材料的設計。 語音學研究同仁: 作為權威的參考資料,查閱係統性的漢語音韻學知識。 定價: 88.00 元 版式設計: 國際標準大度16開,全書采用雙色印刷,確保公式、圖錶和IPA標記的清晰度。附帶電子版習題集與數據光盤(包含部分高頻音變案例的聲學分析數據)。