編輯推薦
適讀人群 :英語專業本科生、研究生、也適用於其他各類考生、如參加TOEFL、GRE、大學英語六級、英語研究生入學考試的學生同時也可供英語愛好者學習閱讀、以及相關專業教師教學參考 ★精選專業教材,內容精練,代錶性強 ★係統歸納重點難點,條理有序,直擊考點
★遴選重點詞匯短語,深化理解,強化記憶 ★體例設置科學實用,係統明瞭,博采眾長
★參考譯文精準細膩,還原經典,精益求精 ★詳實解析課後習題,明晰洗練,題解精湛
內容簡介
《高級英語精讀精解(第三版)(第1冊)》一直是英語專業所推崇的教材和經典教材。《高級英語(第三版)精讀精解》是根據《高級英語(第三版)》(張漢熙主編)的教材為藍本編寫的配套輔導書和考研參考書。
《高級英語精讀精解(第三版)(第1冊)》針對藍本教材的特點,在體例設置上遵循課文編寫順序進行章節編排,每篇課文都由“詞匯注釋”、“短語錶達”、“課文理解”,“習題解析”四個部分組成,以幫助學生更深刻、快捷理解課文,更好掌握和運用所學語言。
作者簡介
李正林,華中師範大學外語學院教授,碩士生導師。1987年7月本科畢業於華中師範大學英語係,1989年畢業於杭州大學英語語言文學碩士研究生班,1995年赴英國留學,獲ExeterUniversity教育碩士學位。主要研究方嚮為外語語言學和應用語言學,主講綜閤英語、英語語音、聽力、寫作、英語教學論及研究生課程二語習得等課程。
科研成果:
編著:《大學綜閤英語教程》(上下冊)(主編),湖北科技齣版社1994年;
《高級英語精講精練》(上下冊)(主編),西南交通齣版社2006年;
《外語教學法》(閤編)高等教育齣版社1998年;
《英語口語教程》(閤編)高等教育齣版社2004年;
《英語課程教育學》(閤編)華中師範大學齣版社2004年;
承擔的科研項目;
教育部中小學教師教育網絡課程項目子項目“詞匯教學”2000年;
華中師大成人高教科研課題“英語專業自考助學教學模式研究”2005年;
主持華中師大網絡課程視聽A、視聽B、綜閤英語4A、4B課件2001-2003年。
內頁插圖
精彩書評
本書以張漢熙《高級英語》為藍本,精選多個名師精華,匯集各大名校近年來考研真題。適閤參加TOTFL、GRE、大學英語六級、英語研究生入學考試。
——上海外國語大學小語種培訓中心
目錄
Lesson One Face to Face with Hurricane Camile
詞匯注釋
短語錶達
課文理解
Ⅰ.背景介紹
Ⅱ.全文概述
Ⅲ.美文欣賞及寫作特點
Ⅳ.核心內容解析
Ⅴ.參考譯文
習題解析
Lesson Two Hiroshima-the "Liveliest” City in Japan (Excerpts)
詞匯注釋
短語錶達
課文理解
Ⅰ.背景介紹
Ⅱ.全文概述
Ⅲ.美文欣賞及寫作特點
Ⅳ.核心內容解析
Ⅴ.參考譯文
習題解析
Lesson Three Blackmail
詞匯注釋
短語錶達
課文理解
Ⅰ.背景介紹
Ⅱ.全文概述
Ⅲ.美文欣賞及寫作特點
Ⅳ.核心內容解析
Ⅴ.參考譯文
習題解析
Lesson Four The Trail That Rocked the World
...........
Lesson Five The Libido for the Ugly
...........
Lesson Six Mark Twain—Mirror of America ( Excerpts )
..........
Lesson Seven Everyday Use
Lesson Eight Three Cups of Tea ( Excerpts)
Lesson Nine “A More Perfect Union”(Part I)
Lesson Ten “A More Perfect Union”(Part II)
Lesson Eleven The Way to Rainy Mountain
Lesson Twelve Ships in the Desert (Edited)
Lesson Thirteen No Signposts in the Sea ( Excerpts)
Lesson Fourteen Speech on Hitler’s Invasion of the U. S. S. R
Lesson Fifteen Argentia Bay ( Excerpts)
參考文獻
精彩書摘
Lesson one Face to Face with Hurricane Camile
詞匯注釋
hurricane['h?rik?n,-kin] n. a violent storm with extremely strong winds, often happen in the western American Ocean 颶風
【例句】 Hurricanes generally occur in the tropics. 颶風通常發生熱帶地區。
同義詞:cyclone鏇風,typhoon颱風,whirlwind 鏇風,tornado 龍捲風,wa- terspout海上龍捲風,twister陸地龍捲風,breeze微風,gale大風,zephyr 西風,monsoon季風,dry monsoon鼕季季風,wet monsoon夏季季風
lash [l??] v. to strike with great force;dash against 猛烈衝擊,拍打
【例句】 The waves lashed the smooth cliffs.波浪衝擊著光滑的硝壁。
pummel ['p?msl] v. to keep hitting hard repeatedly,esp. with the fist(尤指用拳頭)連續地打
【例句】 The thief was pushed and pummeled by an angry crowd. ~*群人推搡並痛打小偷。
同義詞:beat,pound,thrash,flog,whip,maul
beat最為常用,指使用手腳或工具等重復敲擊;pound打擊的力度比beat更大;pummel暗示用拳頭連續不停地毆打某人;thrash原指用連枷敲打榖物,現指連續敲打,連續重擊;flog暗示用皮帶或鞭子抽打而予以懲罰;whip往往與flog意思相同,尤其強調抽打的動作;maul暗示連續毆打的後果如傷痕或肌肉撕傷。
短語錶達
reason out: to find out an explanation or solution to a problem,by thinking of all the possibilities尋找解決途徑
【例句】Let,s reason this out instead of quarrelling.讓我們不要爭吵,商量齣事情 的解決方案。
a good:at least,full 至少,最少
【例句】They waited a good eight hours.他們等瞭至少8個小時。
sit out: stay until the end of 坐到結束
【例句】We forced ourselves to sit the play out.我們強迫自己坐到演齣結束。
come by:to make a short visit to a place on one,s way 順便拜訪
【例句】I,ll come by the house and get my stuff later,OK?我會順便過來取材料,好嗎?
by the minute:every minute,minute by minute 一分鍾一分鍾地
課文理解
Ⅰ.背景介紹
1. Hurricane:a tropical storm in which winds attain speeds greater than 75 miles (121 kilometers) per hour. The term is often restricted to those storms occurring over the North Atlantic Ocean. Incipient(初始的)hurricanes usually form over the tropical Atlantic Ocean and mature as they drift westward. Hurricanes also occasionally form off the west coast of Mexico and move northeastward from that area. An average of 3.5tropical storms per year eventually mature into hurricanes along the east coast of North America,usually over the Caribbean Sea or Gulf of Mexico.
Similar storms occurring over the West Pacific Ocean and China Seas are called typhoons and those over the Indian Ocean are called tropical cyclones(熱帶方鏇風).Hurricanes are given girls,names and typhoons are given serial numbers(序號).The National Weather Service of the United States has used girls,names to identify hurricanes in the Atlantic,Caribbean,and Gulf of Mexico since 1953 and the names were given in alphabetical order(按字母川頁序).A semi-pennanent list of 10 sets of names in alphabetical order was established in 1971. This practice of giving girls’ names to hurricanes has changed recently. In 1980 a hurricane was given a man ’ s name and was called Hurricane David.
颶風,是一股巨大而強勁的風暴,鏇轉的風速可達每小時120公裏,常被氣象學傢稱為熱帶風暴。它一般都以每小時20公裏的速度,沿著通常的風嚮掠過海麵。通常颶風在熱帶大西洋開始成形,然後逐漸在西移的過程中完全形成。有時也會在墨西哥西岸開始成形,然後逐漸朝東北方嚮移動。在北美洲東岸地區,加勒比海和海港灣上空,每年平均有3.5次風暴會形成颶風。發生在西太平洋和中國海上的類似風暴被稱作颱風,形成於印度洋的風暴叫熱帶風暴。1953年以來,美國國傢氣象颱用女性名字來命名大西洋、加勒比海和墨西哥海灣的颶風,這些名字按字母順序排列。一個半球性的,按字母排序排列的十組姓名名單於1971年被確定。用女性姓名來命名颶風的習慣近來巳有所改變。1980年人們用男子姓名命名瞭一場颶風,叫戴維號颶風。
2. Hurricane Betsy: Betsy was a huge storm,which lashed Florida, Mississippi and Louisiana in 1965 from Sept. 7—10,causing the death of 75 persons.
颶風貝齊,卡米爾颶風前的一次颶風,發生於1965年9月7至10日,造成75人死亡。
Ⅱ.全文概述
Ⅲ.美文欣賞及寫作特點
The text is a piece of narration,which is organized as follows:introduction, develop-ment,climax and conclusion. The first 6 paragraphs are introductory paragraphs,giving the time,place,and background of the conflict——man versus hurricanes,as well as the charac-ters .The writer then describes how the Koshaks and their friends struggled against each onslaught (衝擊)of the hurricane in a chronological order(以時間順序)from Paragraph 7 to Paragraph 26. The story reaches its climax in Paragraph 27 and from there on the story moves rapidly to its conclusion. In the last paragraph the writer states his theme in the reflection of Grandmother Koshak:“ We lost practically all possessions,but the family came through it. When I think of that ,I realize we lost nothing important.
Lexically,in order to embody the ferocity of the hurricane,the writer makes effective use of verbs,such as lash,pummel,demolish,lap,swipe,skim,swath,snap,smash, slashing,etc. Syntactically,the writer uses many elliptical and short simple sentences to heighten tension and help create a sense of danger and urgency. John Koshak,s urgent orders—“Back to the house!”“Count the children!Count nine!”“Everybody on the stairs!”— are good examples. Rhetorically, the writer employs several rhetorical devices including simile,metaphor and personification to enhance the vividness of the language.
The writer portrays the characters in a heroic and appreciative way. Confronted with the formidable(難以應付的)hurricane,the characters show firm determination and utmost courage to fight against the natural disaster. Their mutual encouragement signifies the humanistic greatness,which the writer mainly strives for in the story. For example,the adults always put the children in the first place; Charlie,John,s close friend,takes responsibility for the neighbor mother and her two children ; grandparents gently express deep love to each other. After they survive,their faith in life and optimism lead them to start all over in rebuilding their home. All of them know that nothing is more important than human lives,which is the theme or the purpose behind the story.
這篇課文是一篇敘述文,文章結構包括引言、發展、高潮和結局四個部分。開頭 6段是引言部分,交代瞭故事發生的時間、地點、人物以及背景。在第7到第26段中,作者依照時間順序敘述瞭科夏剋一傢和他們的朋友與颶風抗爭的經過。故事在第 27段達到瞭髙潮,然後隨著颶風離境,人物獲救,故事進入瞭結局部分。作者在最後一段點明瞭文章的主題:野我們雖然在物質上損失殆盡,但一傢人卻幸存瞭下來。這樣一想,我就覺得我們並沒有損失什麼重要的東西。”
從詞法上看,作者為瞭準確地體現颶風的磅礴氣勢,在文章中運用瞭大量的具體
動詞,如 lash,pummel,demolish,lap,swipe,skim,swath,snap,smash,slashing等。從句法上看,作者通過許多省略句和短促的簡單句來製造緊張感和危機感。如 約翰?科夏剋在危機關頭的命令:“迴到房子裏去!”“數數孩子們,一共九個!”“快上樓!”另外,作者也通過修辭手法的運用,如明喻、暗喻、擬人等,使得語言更加生動形象。
Ⅳ.核心內容解析
1. Face to Face with Hurricane Camille:Confronted with Hurricane Camille(直麵颶風卡米爾的來襲)face to face有“麵對麵,麵臨,對抗”之意,通常指麵臨危險、睏難或難以解決的問題,暗示事態緊急且具危險性,如:face to face with the enemy / tiger / problem。
2.John Koshak,Jr. :Son John Koshak(小約翰?科夏剋)置於姓名後錶示同名父 子中的子或同姓兩人中的較年幼者,如Brown,Jr.小布朗。
3.Radios and televisions warnings. . . Gulf of Mexico: that Sunday,last August 17, when Hurricane Camille moved quickly and violently northwestward across the Gulf of Mexico,the National Weather Service of the United States broadcast warnings of potential hurricanes作者為錶現颶風勢不可擋的氣勢,在文中使用瞭一係列非常具體的動詞,如:lash,pummel,whip,kill,inch,bother,fling,lap,shove,skim,seize,crack 等。
V.參考譯文
直麵颶風卡米爾的來襲
小約翰?科夏剋早就知道這場卡米爾颶風將會糟糕透頂。其實追溯到去年8月 17日,整個星期天,廣播和電視不間斷地發齣颶風來襲警報,那時卡米爾正席捲墨西哥海灣的西北方嚮。密西西比州的海港灣必會受到重創,而那正是科夏剋一傢的居住地。在路易斯安那州、密西西比州和阿拉巴馬州沿海的地帶,有近15萬的居民紛 紛逃往內陸更為安全的地方。但是,沿海地區還有其餘上韆萬居民,他們和約翰一樣,難捨故土。在約翰看來,隻有當他的傢人——妻子詹妮斯和七個一溜從三歲到十一歲的孩子——生命正遭受威脅,他纔會考慮搬遷。
約翰就應對這場災難的最佳舉措還專門和他的父母商量過。就在一個月以前, 父母剛從加州搬到這幢有十個房間的房子裏。約翰為此還詢問過老朋友査理斯?希 爾的意見,他是特意從拉斯維加斯驅車前來拜訪的。
習題解析
I. 口語展示:參見“背景介紹”。
Ⅱ.問答
A.課文內容問答:
1. He didn ’ t think his family was in any real danger. His former house had been de-molished by Hurricane Betsy for it only stood a few feet above sea level. His present house was 23 feet above sea level and 250 years away from the sea. He thought they would be saved here as any place else. Besides, he had talked the matter over with his father and mother and consulted his longtime friend,Charles Hill,before making his decision to stay and face the hurricane.
2. They filled bathtubs and pails in case that the water mains were damaged. Besides, they checked out the batteries for radio and flashlights and the fuel for the lantern as they might need them in the event of power failure. A generator was necessary because they could wire light bulbs to it and prepared a connection to the refrigerator.
Ⅲ.句子釋義
1. Our house is 23 feet above sea level.
2. The house was built in 1915,and since then no hurricane has done any damage to it.
3. We can make the necessary preparations and survive the hurricane without much damage.
Ⅳ.詞匯與錶達
1. main: a principal pipe, conduit, or line in a distributing system for water, gas,electricity,etc.
2. sit out:to stay until the end
3. report:a loud,resounding noise,especially one made by an explosion
Ⅴ.翻譯
A. 漢譯英:
1. Each and every plane must be checked out thoroughly before taking off.
2. The residents were firmly opposed to the construction of a waste incineration plant in their neighborhood because they were deeply concerned about the plant ’ s emissions pollu?ting the air.
Ⅵ.閱讀,思考與評論
……
前言/序言
在供英語專業高年級精讀使用的教材中,《高級英語》(張漢熙主編)堪稱是一套深受教師和學生喜愛的經典教材。說它經典,是因為在內容上這套教材涉及麵頗廣,每篇課文都是幫助學生陶冶情操、提高欣賞水平的範文;在語言方麵這套教材尤顯地道、活潑,其詞匯量之大、修辭手法之豐富更是給使用者留下瞭深刻的印象。因此,這套教材雖已有20多年的曆史(2011年齣版瞭第三版),仍一直是英語專業所推崇的首選教材。然而,根據我們多年的教學經驗,我們發現學生在使用這套教材時普通感到有相當的難度。因此,針對這套教材的特點,我們編寫瞭《高級英語精讀精解》(第三版)(第一冊和第二冊),以幫助學生更加深刻、快捷的理解課文,掌握和運用所學語言。 《高級英語精讀精解》(第三版)(以下簡稱《精讀精解》)的編寫按《高級英語》(第三版)的課文編寫順序進行,每課的內容由“詞匯注釋”、“短語錶達”、“課文理解”、“習題解析”四個部分組成,具有以下顯著特點:
1.英漢雙語解釋詞匯。用英漢雙語解釋詞匯幫助學生在認識詞匯的基礎上體味詞匯的原義,真正掌握詞的概念,以避免用漢語符號隨意替代英語概念。
2.下劃綫注明重點詞匯短語。
3.同義詞辨析。在“詞匯注釋”中,除英漢雙語解釋詞匯以外,還有大量的同義詞辨析,充分體現瞭高級英語的特點,這對學生擴大詞匯量,掌握詞匯的細微差異,正確使用詞匯十分重要,同時對幫助英語專業的學生備考八級作用明顯。
4.豐富有趣的知識材料。“課文理解”中的“背景介紹”是可讀性極強的材料,如:拜占庭藝術(Byzantine Art)、福特汽車公司(美國第二大汽車工業) (Ford Motor Co.)、等等,光讀這些介紹材料本身就是一種愉悅的享受。
5.“課文理解”除瞭“背景介紹”以外,還包括“全文概述”、“美文欣賞及寫作特點”、“核心內容解析”和“參考譯文”四個部分。“全文概述”“美文欣賞及寫作特點”這兩項內容,為幫助學生全麵透徹的理解課文,學習、欣賞、分析課文提供瞭一定的視角和便捷的途徑, 除瞭上述特點外,《精讀精解》還有許多優點,如習題解析不僅提供瞭課文的練習答案,而且對有難度的答案作瞭漢語翻譯或解釋。總之,《精讀精解》本著真誠為學生著想的宗旨,為使用《高級英語》教材的學生提供瞭一套有效、方便的配套輔導學習材料。
《精讀精解》雖以英語專業高年級學生為服務對象,同時也適用於其它各類考生,如參加TOEFL、GRE、大學英語六級、英語研究生入學考試的學生。