发表于2024-11-25
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Day 09 名词后“动词不定式”剪枝!
我没有男朋友要见!
I have no boyfriend to meet.
主语和宾语的位置处放名词,或具有名词性质的词,而且名词还可以添加修饰语表达更详细的内容,其中最常见的就是动词不定式,就是在名词后加上修饰名词的“to +动词原形”,这么理解就可以了。
I have no boyfriend to meet and no money to spend over the Christmas holiday.
拆开来看动词不定式是如何修饰名词的。
boyfriend (to meet) 要见的男朋友,money (to spend) 要花的钱
上面的句子剪枝后,就只剩下句子的核心词。
I have no boyfriend and no money.
剪枝后就是“我既没有男朋友,也没有钱”。
另外,不仅名词后能接动词不定式,一个完整的句子前面或后面也可接动词不定式,表示“为了……目的”,可以剪枝。例如:I took a taxi to go there. 即使去掉“为了去那个地方(to go there)”,句子核心意义也不会受到影响,所以可以剪枝。
准备运动 试试用括号把学过的“枝”括起来,只阅读句子的核心部分。
例 Disneyland is an ideal place (to visit on a vacation).
1. Hollywood action movies are fun to watch on the weekend.
2. Paris is a wonderful city to go shopping with your friends.
3. She studied abroad to broaden her horizons.
4. Many students go abroad to improve their English.
5. You should try scuba diving to enjoy the underwater beauty.
跟我学
系列03 了解 iPod的历史吗?
第1阶段 试试把前面学习过的“小枝”用括号括起来,只阅读这篇文章的核心。
The iPod’s history goes back to 2000. Steve Jobs, the CEO of Apple, found that existing digital music players were too large to carry and had abysmal features. As the demand to download digital music grew, Apple decided to create its own MP3 player. On October 23, 2001, the iPod was born. Jobs announced, “Listening to music will never be the same again.” In July 2002, the first Windows-compatible iPod was released. Then, in April 2003, a third-generation iPod with touch controls hit the market. This gave consumers an entirely new way to enjoy music. In January 2004, the glamorous iPod mini made its debut in a choice of five metallic colors. In September 2005, the iPod nano was released. This nifty device was slimmer than a pencil. Since then, this iconic piece has been expanding its reach by leaps and bounds, thanks to its high-tech quality and irresistible design.
Quiz 剪枝后只阅读剩下的部分,回答下面的问题。
1 The high quality of existing digital music players led Steve Jobs to launch a new project. ( T / F )
2 The iPod nano was slightly bigger than a pencil. ( T / F )
existing [?g?z?st??] 现存的 | abysmal [??b?zm?l] 糟透的,深渊的 | demand [d??mɑ:nd] 需求 | announce [??na?ns] 发表 | compatible [k?m?pæt?bl] 兼容的 | release [r??li:s] 上市,发布 | hit the market 投放市场 | consumer [k?n?sju:m?] 消费者 | entirely [?n?ta??l?] 完全地 | glamorous [?glæm?r?s] 富有魅力的 | metallic [m??tæl?k] 金属的 | nifty [?n?ft?] 漂亮的,俏皮的 | iconic [a??k?n?k] 图标的 | expand [?k?spænd] 扩张 | reach [ri:t?] 范围 | by leaps and bounds 飞速地 | irresistible [??r??z?st?bl] 不可抗拒的,诱人的
第2阶段 确认剪枝。
The iPod’s history goes (back) to (2000) . Steve Jobs, the CEO (of Apple) , found that
iPod的历史要 (追溯) (到2000年)。史蒂芬?乔布斯,执行总裁 (苹果的),
existing digital music players were too large to (carry) and had abysmal features. As the
发现现有的数码音乐播放器太大了 (拿着), 而且外观也很糟糕。
demand (to download digital music) grew, * Apple decided to create its own MP3 player.
随着需求(下载数码音乐的) 增加, 苹果决定制造它自己的MP3播放器。
(On October 23, 2001) , the iPod was born. Jobs announced, “Listening to music will never
(2001年10月23日), iPod诞生了。 乔布斯发表声明: “听音乐将永远不
be the same (again) .” (In July 2002) , the first Windows-compatible iPod was released.
相同 (再)。” (2002年7月), 第一个Windows兼容的iPod上市了。
(Then) , (in April 2003) , a third-generation iPod (with touch controls) hit the market. This
(之后),(2003年4月), 第三代iPod (带触控的) 投入市场。 这
gave consumers an (entirely) new way (to enjoy music) . (In January 2004), the glamorous
给消费者带来 (全) 新的方式 (享受音乐的)。 (2004年1月), 富有魅力的
iPod mini made its debut (in a choice) (of five metallic colors). (In September 2005), the
iPod mini首次登台 (可以有选择的)(五种金属颜色的)。 (2005年9月),
iPod nano was released. The nifty device was slimmer than a pencil. (Since then) , this
iPod nano上市。 俏皮的装置比铅笔还苗条。 (从那以后), 这个
iconic piece has been expanding its reach (by leaps and bounds), (thanks to its high-tech
图标扩张着它的范围 (飞速地),
quality and irresistible design).
(由于它的高科技品质和富有魅力的设计)。
第3阶段 仔细阅读整体脉络,掌握细节。
第4阶段 反复听mp3,完成听力部分。剪枝09-3.mp3
知识小点!
“动词不定式”剪枝时的注意事项!
Apple decided to create its own MP3 player中有动词不定式,如果像Apple decided (to create its own MP3 player)这样剪枝的话是不行的。只有修饰名词的起到形容词作用的动词不定式和在完整的句子后修饰整个句子的动词不定式才可以剪枝。上面的句子中to create作动词decide的宾语使用,所以不可以剪枝。
懂剪枝的话,也能迅速解答语法题! 原级、最高级篇
试试用剪枝法把句子修剪简单后回答下面的问题。
例 That building across the street is the ______ one in the city of Chicago.
A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. most tallest
第1阶段 剪枝 That building (across the street) is the ________ one (in the city of Chicago).
第2阶段 应用语法 空格前有形容词或副词最高级必须用到的the,后面又出现和最高级搭配的in,所以最高级tallest是正确答案。
正确答案 C
语法知识 1. 句子后面有in, of, among, that I have ever seen等词语时,使用形容词或副词的最高级-est或在其前添加most。
2. 最高级前还可以加far, second, much等副词。
3. 同级比较,使用“as+形容词/副词+as”的结构。
1. Shoppers can now purchase many products to make their lives more
convenient at the __________ price of the season.
A. low B. lower C. lowest D. most lowest
2. The shopping mall will be as big __________ the building next to it.
A. as B. than C. much D. more
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