数学与金融经典教材（影印版）·激励理论：委托代理模型 [The Theory of Incentives:The Principal-Agent Model] pdf epub mobi txt 电子书 下载 2025

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[美] 拉奉特（Laffont J.J.） 著

出版社： 世界图书出版公司

ISBN：9787510050503

版次：1

商品编码：11154485

包装：平装

外文名称：The Theory of Incentives:The Principal-Agent Model

开本：16开

出版时间：2013-01-01

用纸：胶版纸

页数：421

正文语种：英文

内容简介

　　The book allows for two levels of reading. Certain sections in some chapters are marked with a star to the right of the section head. A first reading should concentrate on the non-starred sections. These sections are accessible to readers who have a simple knowledge of maximization with inequality constraints. Most essential economic lessons can be understood from this first level of reading. Cov-ering the starred sections will enable smdents to manipulate the concepts for better assimilation and will put them in contact with the advanced topics of the field.

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目录

Foreword
Introduction
1 Incentives in Economic'Thought
1.1 Adam Smith and Incentive Contracts in Agriculture
1.2 Chester Barnard and Incentives in Management
1.3 Hume, Wicksell, Croves: The Free-Rider Problem
1.4 Borda, Bowen, Vickrey: Incentives in Voting
1.5 L60n Walras and the Regulation of Natural Monopolies
1.6 Knight, Arrow, Pauly: Incentives in Insurance
1.7 Sidgwick, Vickrey, Mirrlees: Redistribution and Incentives
1.8 Dupuit, Edgeworth, Pigou: Price Discrimination
1.9 Incentives in Plaiined Economies
1.10 Leonid Hurwicz and Mechanism Design
1.11 Auctions

2 The Rent Extraction-Efficiency Trade-Off
2.1 The Basic Model
2.2 The Complete Information Optimal Contract
2.3 Incentive Feasible Menu of Contracts
2.4 Information Rents
2.5 The Optunization Program of the PrincipaJ
2.6 The Rent Extraction-Efficiency Trade-Off
2.7 The Theory of the Firm Under Asymmetric Information
2.8 Asymmetric Information and Marginal Cost Pricing
2.9 The Revelation Principle
2.10 A More General Utility Function for the Agent
2.11 Ex Ante versus Ex Post Participation Constraints
2.12 Commitment
2.13 Stochastic Mechanisms
2.14 Informative Signals to Improve Contracting
2.15 Contract Theory at Work
Appendix

3 Incentive and Participation Constraints with Adverse Selection
3.1 More than Two Types
3.2 Multidimensional Asymmetric Information
3.3 Type-Dependent Participation Constraint and
Countervailing Incentives
3.4 Random Participation Constraint
3.5 Limited Liability
3.6 Audit Mechanisms and Costly State Verification
3.7 Redistributive Concerns and the Efficiency-Equity Trade-off
Appendices

4 Moral Hazard: The Basic Trade-Offs
4.1 The Model
4.2 Risk Neutrality and First-Best Implementation
……
5 Incentive and Participation Constraints with Moral Hazard
6 Nonverifiability
7 Mixed Models
8 Dynamics under Full Commitment
9 Limits and Extensions

Re ferences
Author Index
Subject Index

前言/序言

　　The development of the theory of incentives has been a major advance iii eco- nomics in the last thirty years. The objective of this book is to provide easy access to this theory for undergraduate and first-year graduate smdents in economics. Our goal is not to be as complete as possible in covering and surveying the many contributions that have fiourished in the realm of incentive theory. Instead， our contribution is methodological and intended to offer students some iiiitial clues for analyzing the issues raised by this theory. As much as possible we have favored the simplest models to explain the core of the theory. The exposition has been divided into three books for methodological clarity. This volume presents the basic principal-agent theory with complete contracts. It allows a first exposition of the transaction costs created by contracting under asymmetric information without having to appeal to sophisticated game theory concepts.
　　The book allows for two levels of reading. Certain sections in some chapters are marked with a star to the right of the section head. A first reading should concentrate on the non-starred sections. These sections are accessible to readers who have a simple knowledge of maximization with inequality constraints. Most essential economic lessons can be understood from this first level of reading. Cov-ering the starred sections will enable smdents to manipulate the concepts for better assimilation and will put them in contact with the advanced topics of the field.
　　Going through the text and.checking the proofs should provide a good way for stu-dents to appropriate the material. Throughout the book we have listed under the heading the major references that are useful to pursue the study of incentive theory.
　　……

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委托书授权不明的，被代理人应当向第三人承担民事责任，代理人负连带责任。

评分☆☆☆☆☆

激励理论是管理心理学的范畴，管理心理学把激励看成是“持续激发动机的心理过程”。激励水平越高，完成目标的努力程度和满意度也越强，工作效能就越高；反之，激励水平越低，则缺乏完成组织目标的动机，工作效率也越低。[1]

评分☆☆☆☆☆

激励理论是管理心理学的范畴，管理心理学把激励看成是“持续激发动机的心理过程”。激励水平越高，完成目标的努力程度和满意度也越强，工作效能就越高；反之，激励水平越低，则缺乏完成组织目标的动机，工作效率也越低。[1]

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《激励理论：委托代理模型》是著名微观理论经济学家拉奉特以及其学生martimort的合写的理论著作，其影响力可想而知。经济学和激励的关系密切，如激励努力工作、激励高质量产品、激励努力学习、激励投资和激励储蓄。尽管adam smith两百多年前在他的佃农合同分析中充分肯定了这一点，但只有在近些年这个理论在经济思想中才占据了核心地位。本书中，jean-jacques laffont 和david martimort对激励理论的表述是目前最透彻的和最容易学习的。本理论的核心是对现代管理就如同对经济理论一样至关重要的简单问题：是什么让人们在一个经济和商业环境中会有特殊的表现？为了寻找答案，书中给出了特定的环境下能够确保对经济机构的良好激励的方法论工具。

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委托代理人为被代理人的利益需要转托他人代理的，应当事先取得被代理人的同意。事先没有取得被代理人同意的，应当在事后及时告诉被代理人，如果被代理人不同意，由代理人对自己所转托的人的行为负民事责任，但在紧急情况下，为了保护被代理人的利益而转托他人代理的除外。

评分☆☆☆☆☆

委托代理人为被代理人的利益需要转托他人代理的，应当事先取得被代理人的同意。事先没有取得被代理人同意的，应当在事后及时告诉被代理人，如果被代理人不同意，由代理人对自己所转托的人的行为负民事责任，但在紧急情况下，为了保护被代理人的利益而转托他人代理的除外。

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早期的激励理论研究是对于“需要”的研究，回答了以什么为基础、或根据什么才能激发调动起员工工作积极性的问题，包括马斯洛的需求层次理论、赫茨伯格的双因素理论，和麦克利兰的成就需要理论等。最具代表性的马斯洛需要层次论就提出人类的需要是有等级层次的，从最低级的需要逐级向最高级的需要发展。需要按其重要性依次排列为：生理需要、安全需要、归属与爱的需要、尊重需要和自我实现需要。并且提出当某一级的需要获得满足以后，这种需要便中止了它的激励作用。

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委托代理理论的主要观点认为：委托代理关系是随着生产力大发展和规模化大生产的出现而产生的。其原因一方面是生产力发展使得分工进一步细化，权利的所有者由于知识、能力和精力的原因不能行使所有的权利了；另一方面专业化分工产生了一大批具有专业知识的代理人，他们有精力、有能力代理行使好被委托的权利。但在委托代理的关系当中，由于委托人与代理人的效用函数不一样，委托人追求的是自己的财富更大，而代理人追求自己的工资津贴收入、奢侈消费和闲暇时间最大化，这必然导致两者的利益冲突。在没有有效的制度安排下代理人的行为很可能最终损害委托人的利益。而世界——不管是经济领域还是社会领域——都普遍存在委托代理关系