具体描述
内容简介
Marking 70 years since publication, the definitive edition of JRR Tolkien's first book, sporting a facsimile of his original cover design and complete with fold-out maps and his own drawings and paintings. Bilbo Baggins enjoys a quiet and contented life, with no desire to travel far from the comforts of home; then one day the wizard Gandalf and a band of dwarves arrive unexpectedly and enlist his services -- as a burglar -- on a dangerous expedition to raid the treasure-hoard of Smaug the dragon. Bilbo's life is never to be the same again. Seldom has any book been so widely read and loved as J.R.R. Tolkien's classic tale, 'The Hobbit'. Since its first publication in 1937 it has remained in print to delight each new generation of readers all over the world, and its hero, Bilbo Baggins, has taken his place among the ranks of the immortals: Alice, Pooh, Toad! 作者简介
J.R.R. Tolkien (1892-1973) is the creator of Middle-earth and author of such classic and extraordinary works of fiction as The Hobbit, The Lord of the Rings, and The Silmarillion. His books have been translated into more than fifty languages and have sold many millions of copies worldwide.
约翰·罗纳德·瑞尔·托尔金(J.R.R. Tolkien)(1892-1973),英国文豪,天才的语言学家,牛津大学默顿学院英国语言与文学教授,1919—1920年牛津英语词典(OED)的编委。他以瑰丽的想像和精深的语言,建立了一个英语世界的全新神话体系。托尔金的雄心壮志不在于写作一个传奇故事,或一部史诗。在他所创作的一系列中洲史诗中,影响最为深远的是《霍比特人》(The Hobbit: There and Back Again) 和《魔戒》(The Lord of the Rings)。这两部巨作被誉为当代奇幻作品的鼻祖,至今已畅销2.5亿余册,被翻译成60余种语言。美国每年销售的大约一亿本平装书中,就有四分之一可以追溯到托尔金的作品。《魔戒》被票选为“两千年以来最重要的书”。由托尔金小说改编的电影《指环王》、《霍比特人》掀起21世纪奇幻文艺的全面复兴,世界拜倒在他脚下。 精彩书评
"In a hole in the ground there lived a hobbit. Not a nasty, dirty, wet hole, filled with the ends of worms and an oozy smell, nor yet a dry, bare, sandy hole with nothing in it to sit down on or to eat: it was a hobbit-hole, and that means comfort." The hobbit-hole in question belongs to one Bilbo Baggins, an upstanding member of a "little people, about half our height, and smaller than the bearded dwarves." He is, like most of his kind, well off, well fed, and best pleased when sitting by his own fire with a pipe, a glass of good beer, and a meal to look forward to. Certainly this particular hobbit is the last person one would expect to see set off on a hazardous journey; indeed, when Gandalf the Grey stops by one morning, "looking for someone to share in an adventure," Baggins fervently wishes the wizard elsewhere. No such luck, however; soon 13 fortune-seeking dwarves have arrived on the hobbit's doorstep in search of a burglar, and before he can even grab his hat or an umbrella, Bilbo Baggins is swept out his door and into a dangerous adventure. The dwarves' goal is to return to their ancestral home in the Lonely Mountains and reclaim a stolen fortune from the dragon Smaug. Along the way, they and their reluctant companion meet giant spiders, hostile elves, ravening wolves--and, most perilous of all, a subterranean creature named Gollum from whom Bilbo wins a magical ring in a riddling contest. It is from this life-or-death game in the dark that J.R.R. Tolkien's masterwork, The Lord of the Rings, would eventually spring. Though The Hobbit is lighter in tone than the trilogy that follows, it has, like Bilbo Baggins himself, unexpected iron at its core. Don't be fooled by its fairy-tale demeanor; this is very much a story for adults, though older children will enjoy it, too. By the time Bilbo returns to his comfortable hobbit-hole, he is a different person altogether, well primed for the bigger adventures to come--and so is the reader.
--Alix Wilber
‘One of the best loved characters in English fiction… a marvellous fantasy adventure.’
--Daily Mail 前言/序言
好的,这是一本关于中世纪欧洲手稿艺术的深度探讨,名为《光影与墨迹:中世纪手稿的色彩、符号与叙事》。 --- 光影与墨迹:中世纪手稿的色彩、符号与叙事 一本关于知识保存、信仰表达与视觉美学的深度探索 导言:穿越时空的墨香 在印刷术尚未发明的漫长岁月中,手稿是文明的灯塔,是知识和信仰的载体。它们不仅仅是文本的复制品,更是承载着时代精神、工匠技艺与神圣意义的艺术品。《光影与墨迹:中世纪手稿的色彩、符号与叙事》带领读者深入中世纪的修道院书房和宫廷工坊,探究这些用羊皮纸、墨水和黄金精心绘制的微缩世界。本书旨在超越对装饰细节的表面欣赏,深入挖掘每一页卷轴、每一幅插图背后所蕴含的复杂文化代码、宗教哲学以及社会权力结构。 第一部分:物质的基石——从羊皮到黄金 要理解手稿的价值,首先必须理解其物质构成。中世纪手稿的制作是一项耗资巨大、耗时漫长的工程,其材料的选择本身就构成了信息的一部分。 一、羊皮纸的生命与质地 本书首先详细考察了手稿的“皮肤”——羊皮纸(Parchment)和牛皮纸(Vellum)的制作工艺。从动物的挑选、剥皮、浸泡、刮削到最终的拉伸和打磨,每一步骤都对最终的质地、光泽和吸墨性产生决定性影响。我们将分析不同时期、不同地理区域的羊皮纸特性,并探讨其如何影响书写和绘画的精度。例如,细嫩的犊皮纸(Vellum)常用于制作皇家典籍,其光洁度是财富和地位的象征。 二、色彩的炼金术:颜料的秘密 中世纪的色彩不是随意选择的,它们是昂贵、稀有且富有象征意义的化学产物。本章将揭示抄写员和插画师如何利用天然矿物、植物和动物提炼出鲜艳的颜料: 群青(Ultramarine)的尊贵: 这种源自阿富汗青金石的蓝色颜料,其成本往往高于黄金。我们将探讨它在中世纪宗教画中被赋予的“天国”意义,以及它如何被严格控制使用。 朱红与深红: 从水银硫化物(朱砂)到胭脂虫提取的洋红,这些红色代表着基督的受难、君主的权威以及生命的活力。 墨水的哲学: 橡树瘿墨(Oak Gall Ink)的持久性与腐蚀性,以及如何使用不同浓度的墨水来区分正文、注释和标题。 三、镀金工艺的辉煌 手稿中最引人注目的元素无疑是镀金。本书将细致分析薄金箔的捶打技术,以及“水胶接合”(Water Gilding)如何使黄金层呈现出惊人的镜面光泽。镀金不仅是为了美观,更是一种神圣的光芒的具象化,旨在将文本与神圣领域连接起来。 第二部分:符号的迷宫——装饰与图像学 中世纪手稿中的装饰性元素并非简单的填充物,它们是视觉语言,与文本共同构成完整的意义系统。 一、边饰的生态学与象征意义 手稿的边框(Margin Decorations)是了解日常生活的窗口。从早期的几何图案到后期的“自然主义”植物和动物描绘,边饰的发展反映了艺术风格的演变。我们将深入解读: “植物的福音”: 各种花卉和藤蔓(如忍冬、橡树)如何被基督教化,成为生命、复活或罪的隐喻。 怪诞生物(Grotesques)的解读: 那些半人半兽、形态扭曲的生物,它们的功能是驱邪、警示世人,还是仅仅是工匠的异想天开? “人世百态”的缩影: 边饰中常常穿插着农民耕作、打猎、音乐演奏的场景,这些世俗的描绘如何与神圣文本并置,形成张力或互补? 二、缩写字与花体字(Initials)的权力 手稿的开篇大写字母(Historiated Initials 和 Decorated Initials)是视觉的焦点。它们是文本的入口,常常被微缩的叙事场景(Historiated)或复杂的交织图案(Decorated)所填充。本书分析了这些字母如何被设计来引导读者的目光,以及它们在识别文本来源和重要性中所起的作用。 三、图像与文本的互动:注释的艺术 手稿的阅读体验是多层次的。我们将考察边注(Gloss)和套色(Rubrication)如何结构化文本,帮助不同文化水平的读者理解复杂的神学论点。插图的布局如何影响读者的阅读节奏和情感代入,例如“全页插图”(Full-Page Miniatures)在叙事中的决定性地位。 第三部分:权力的文本——手稿的社会角色 手稿的制作和拥有,深刻地反映了中世纪的社会结构、宗教权威和知识的传播模式。 一、修道院:知识的堡垒与抄写车间 本书探讨了本笃会修道院在保存古典学问中的核心地位。我们考察了“抄写室”(Scriptorium)的工作流程,从编订工作到文本校对的严格规范。这些机构如何平衡对古代异教经典的保存与基督教教义的忠诚? 二、世俗的崛起:宫廷与财富的展示 随着中世纪晚期的发展,手稿的赞助人从教会转向了贵族和富商。我们将聚焦于“时祷书”(Books of Hours)的兴起。这些面向私人虔诚的书籍,展示了世俗权力如何介入神圣实践。例如,特定家族的纹章如何被巧妙地嵌入到圣徒的描绘中。 三、手稿的“旅行”与“生命周期” 手稿并非静止的物品。本书将追踪几部标志性手稿的流传轨迹,从其最初的赞助人到后来的收藏家,乃至现代博物馆的展柜。通过分析装订的变化、页面的缺失或增补,我们可以重建手稿在历史长河中的“生命周期”,洞察其在不同历史阶段所扮演的角色。 结论:未完待续的对话 《光影与墨迹》的最终目的,是鼓励读者以一种新的眼光去看待每一本现存的中世纪手稿。它们是那个时代对“永恒”的渴望、对“美”的追求以及对“秩序”构建的努力的物证。通过理解其复杂的制作工艺和深层的符号系统,我们得以更真切地与那些在微光下伏案劳作的匠人进行跨越千年的对话。这些纸页上的墨迹与色彩,至今仍在诉说着关于信仰、知识与人性的不朽故事。