人類的故事（英漢雙語） pdf epub mobi txt 電子書 下載 2025

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[美] 房龍 著

圖書標籤:

• 人類史
• 世界曆史
• 曆史
• 文化
• 社會
• 文明
• 雙語
• 英漢
• 科普
• 通俗曆史

齣版社： 北京工業大學齣版社

ISBN：9787563952564

版次：1

商品編碼：12222254

包裝：平裝

開本：16開

齣版時間：2017-07-01

用紙：純質紙

頁數：423

字數：649000

正文語種：中文，英文

編輯推薦

房龍是20世紀享譽全球的通識曆史作傢，威爾?杜蘭特贊譽的“通識教育者”，影響一代人的人文啓濛大師。
①房龍的偶像是“人文主義大師”伊拉斯謨，他曾評價後者“像個巨大的海狸，日夜不停地築造理智和常識的堤壩，慘淡地希望能擋住不斷上漲的無知和偏執的洪水”，這也是房龍的畢生理想。
《人類的故事》是房龍跨世紀經典100周年典藏巨獻。
①《人類的故事》是房龍的經典成名巨作，1921年齣版以後榮獲首屆“紐伯瑞”金奬，席捲全球，銷量超過1000萬冊，至今仍然暢銷，是一部延續近100年的曆史入門經典；
②中文版*早齣現於民國，經80年代一直到現代，《人類的故事》影響瞭從知識界到普通讀者的世界史啓濛認知。

內容簡介

本書采取英漢雙語的形式齣版美國學者房龍的代錶作《人類的故事》，書中還有大量作者親自手繪的黑白插圖。
本書對於人類從起源到每一階段的曆史都有精闢而凝練的論述。作者以輕巧俏皮的文筆，睿智地展現瞭人類曆史的浩蕩長捲。其中既有節奏明快的“大曆史”，也不乏真正影響人類文明進程的細節。
房龍曾說：“我寫此書隻有一條原則：哪個國傢或個人産生瞭一種新思想或完成瞭一項創新，若沒有這些，整個人類的曆史就會不同？這不是個人嗜好的問題，而是一個冷靜得近似數學的判斷問題。”因此，無論是對曆史一無所知的人，還是浸染在浩繁巨著中的專傢，都可以從中獲得啓發和閱讀的快感。
本書作為房龍的代錶作，齣版後銷量達到上韆萬冊，並被翻譯成幾十種文字暢銷全世界。目前，國內的同類圖書品種中，主要是中文版，本書采取英漢雙語形式齣版，讓讀者在閱讀經典作品的同時，亦能提升英文閱讀水平。

作者簡介

德裏剋·威廉·房龍(1882―1944)，荷蘭裔美國作傢和曆史學傢。1913年獲德國慕尼黑大學博土學位，在寫作方麵取得瞭令人矚目的成就。他一生緻力於曆史與人文的文化傳播，擅長用文藝手法宣傳人類的科學，是一位偉大的文化傳播者。 譯者：餘傑，原名徐昌強，中國人民大學曆史係碩士研究生畢業，副編審，長期從事傳統文化圖書策劃和齣版，策劃齣版有《福爾摩斯探案全集》《卡耐基成功勵誌係列》《安徒生童話全集》《格林童話全集》等相關作品。

目錄

FOREWORD／前言 1
1 THE SETTING OF THE STAGE／舞颱布景 5
2 OUR EARLIEST ANCESTORS／我們最早的祖先 10
3 PREHISTORIC MAN／史前人類 13
4 HIEROGLYPHICS／象形文字 16
5 THE NILE VALLEY／尼羅河榖 21
6 THE STORY OF EGYPT／埃及的故事 25
7 MESOPOTAMIA／兩河流域 27
8 THE SUMERIANS／蘇美爾人 29
9 MOSES／摩西 33
10 THE PHOENICIANS／腓尼基人 36
11 THE INDO-EUROPEANS／印歐人 38
12 THE ?GEAN SEA／愛琴海 40
13 THE GREEKS／希臘人 44
14 THE GREEK CITIES／古希臘城市 46
15 GREEK SELF-GOVERNMENT／古希臘自治 49
16 GREEK LIFE／古希臘生活 52
17 THE GREEK THEATRE／古希臘戲劇 56
18 THE PERSIAN WARS／波斯戰爭 59
19 ATHENS vs. SPARTA／雅典與斯巴達的對峙 64
20 ALEXANDER THE GREAT／亞曆山大大帝 66
21 A SUMMARY／小結 68
22 ROME AND CARTHAGE／羅馬和迦太基 71
23 THE RISE OF ROME／羅馬的崛起 83
24 THE ROMAN EMPIRE／羅馬帝國 86
25 JOSHUA OF NAZARETH／拿撒勒的約書亞 95
26 THE FALL OF ROME／羅馬的衰亡 100
27 RISE OF THE CHURCH／教會的崛起 105
28 MOHAMMED／穆罕默德 112
29 CHARLEMAGNE／查理大帝 118
30 THE NORSEMEN／北歐人 123
31 FEUDALISM／封建社會 126
32 CHIVALRY／騎士製度 130
33 POPE vs. EMPEROR／教皇和皇帝的對峙 133
34 THE CRUSADES／十字軍東徵 139
35 THE MEDI?VAL CITY／中世紀的城市 144
36 MEDI?VAL SELF-GOVERNMENT／中世紀的自治 154
37 THE MEDI?VAL WORLD／中世紀的世界 159
38 MEDI?VAL TRADE／中世紀的貿易 167
39 THE RENAISSANCE／文藝復興 174
40 THE AGE OF EXPRESSION／錶現的時代 187
41 THE GREAT DISCOVERIES／偉大的發現 193
42 BUDDHA AND CONFUCIUS／佛陀與孔子 207
43 THE REFORMATION／宗教改革 217
44 RELIGIOUS WARFARE／宗教戰爭 228
45 THE ENGLISH REVOLUTION／英國革命 244
46 THE BALANCE OF POWER／力量均衡 259
47 THE RISE OF RUSSIA／俄國的興起 264
48 RUSSIA vs. SWEDEN／俄國對瑞典 271
49 THE RISE OF PRUSSIA／普魯士的崛起 275
50 THE MERCANTILE SYSTEM／重商主義 279
51 THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION／美國革命 283
52 THE FRENCH REVOLUTION／法國革命 291
53 NAPOLEON／拿破侖 305
54 THE HOLY ALLIANCE／神聖同盟 316
55 THE GREAT REACTION／大復闢 328
56 NATIONAL INDEPENDENCE／民族獨立 336
57 THE AGE OF THE ENGINE／機器時代 356
58 THE SOCIAL REVOLUTION／社會革命 366
59 EMANCIPATION／解放 371
60 THE AGE OF SCIENCE／科學時代 378
61 ART／藝術 384
62 COLONIAL EXPANSION AND WAR／殖民擴張和戰爭 397
63 A NEW WORLD／嶄新的世界 406
64 AS IT EVER SHALL BE／繼往開來 415

精彩書摘

We live under the shadow of a gigantic question mark.
Who are we?
Where do we come from?
Whither are we bound?
Slowly, but with persistent courage, we have been pushing this question mark further and further towards that distant line, beyond the horizon, where we hope to find our answer.
We have not gone very far.
We still know very little but we have reached the point where (with a fair degree of accuracy), we can guess at many things.
In this chapter I shall tell you bow (according to our best belief) the stage was set for the first appearance of man.
If we represent the time during which it has been possible for animal life to exist upon our planet by a line of this length, then the tiny line just below indicates the age during which man (or a creature more or less resembling man) has lived upon this earth.
Man was the last to come but the first to use his brain for the purpose of conquering the forces of nature. That is the reason why we are going to study him, rather than cats or dogs or horses or any of the other animals, who, all in their own way, have a very interesting historical development behind them.
In the beginning, the planet upon which we live was (as far as we now know) a large ball of flaming matter, a tiny cloud of smoke in the endless ocean of space. Gradually, in the course of millions of years, the surface burned itself out, and was covered with a thin layer of rocks. Upon these lifeless rocks the rain descended in endless torrents, wearing out the hard granite and carrying the dust to the valleys that lay hidden between the high cliffs of the steaming earth.
Finally the hour came when the sun broke through the clouds and saw how this little planet was covered with a few small puddles which were to develop into the mighty oceans of the eastern and western hemispheres.
Then one day the great wonder happened. What had been dead, gave birth to life.
The first living cell floated upon the waters of the sea.
For millions of years it drifted aimlessly with the currents. But during all that time it was developing certain habits that it might survive more easily upon the inhospitable earth. Some of these cells were happiest in the dark depths of the lakes and the pools. They took root in the limy sediments which had been carried down from the tops of the hills and they became plants. Others preferred to move about and they grew strange jointed legs, like scorpions and began to crawl along the bottom of the sea amidst the plants and the pale green things that looked like jelly-fishes. Still others (covered with scales) depended upon a swimming motion to go from place to place in their search for food, and gradually they populated the ocean with myriads of fishes.
Meanwhile the plants had increased in number and they had to search for new dwelling places. There was no more room for them at the bottom of the sea. Reluctantly they left the water and made a new home in the marshes and on the mudbanks that lay at the foot of the mountains. Twice a day the tides of the ocean covered them with their brine. For the rest of the time, the plants made the best of their uncomfortable situation and tried to survive in the thin air which surrounded the surface of the planet. After centuries of training, they learned how to live as comfortably in the air as they had done in the water. They increased in size and became shrubs and trees and at last they learned how to grow lovely flowers which attracted the attention of the busy big bumble-bees and the birds who carried the seeds far and wide until the whole earth had become covered with green pastures, or lay dark under the shadow of the big trees.
But some of the fishes too had begun to leave the sea, and they had learned how to breathe with lungs as well as with gills. We call such creatures amphibious, which means that they are able to live with equal ease on the land and in the water. The first frog who crosses your path can tell you all about the pleasures of the double existence of the amphibian.
……

前言/序言

For Hansje and Willem:
When I was twelve or thirteen years old, an uncle of mine who gave me my love for books and pictures promised to take me upon a memorable expedition. I was to go with him to the top of the tower of Old Saint Lawrence in Rotterdam.
And so, one fine day, a sexton with a key as large as that of Saint Peter opened a mysterious door.“Ring the bell,”he said,“when you come back and want to get out,”and with a great grinding of rusty old hinges he separated us from the noise of the busy street and locked us into a world of new and strange experiences.
For the first time in my life I was confronted by the phenomenon of audible silence. When we had climbed the first flight of stairs, I added another discovery to my limited knowledge of natural phenomena—that of tangible darkness. A match showed us where the upward road continued. We went to the next floor and then to the next and the next until I had lost count and then there came still another floor, and suddenly we had plenty of light. This floor was on an even height with the roof of the church, and it was used as a storeroom. Covered with many inches of dust, there lay the abandoned symbols of a venerable faith which had been discarded by the good people of the city many years ago. That which had meant life and death to our ancestors was here reduced to junk and rubbish. The industrious rat had built his nest among the carved images and the ever watchful spider had opened up shop between the outspread arms of a kindly saint.
The next floor showed us from where we had derived our light. Enormous open windows with heavy iron bars made the high and barren room the roosting place of hundreds of pigeons. The wind blew through the iron bars and the air was filled with a weird and pleasing music. It was the noise of the town below us, but a noise which had been purified and cleansed by the distance. The rumbling of heavy carts and the clinking of horses’ hoofs, the winding of cranes and pulleys, the hissing sound of the patient steam which had been set to do the work of man in a thousand different ways—they had all been blended into a softly rustling whisper which provided a beautiful background for the trembling cooing of the pigeons.
Here the stairs came to an end and the ladders began. And after the first ladder (a slippery old thing which made one feel his way with a cautious foot) there was a new and even greater wonder, the town-clock. I saw the heart of time. I could hear the heavy pulsebeats of the rapid seconds—one—two—three—up to sixty. Then a sudden quivering noise when all the wheels seemed to stop and another minute had been chopped off eternity. Without pause it began again—one—two—three—until at last after a warning rumble and the scraping of many wheels a thunderous voice, high above us, told the world that it was the hour of noon.
On the next floor were the bells. The nice little bells and their terrible sisters. In the centre the big bell, which made me turn stiff with fright when I heard it in the middle of the night telling a story of fire or flood. In solitary grandeur it seemed to reflect upon those six hundred years during which it had shared the joys and the sorrows of the good people of Rotterdam. Around it, neatly arranged like the blue jars in an old-fashioned apothecary shop, hung the little fellows, who twice each week played a merry tune for the benefit of the countryfolk who had come to market to buy and sell and hear what the big world had been doing. But in a corner—all alone and shunned by the others—a big black bell, silent and stern, the bell of death.
Then darkness once more and other ladders, steeper and even more dangerous than those we had climbed before, and suddenly the fresh air of the wide heavens. We had reached the highest gallery. Above us the sky. Below us the city—a little toy-town, where busy ants were hastily crawling hither and thither, each one intent upon his or her particular business, and beyond the jumble of stones, the wide greenness of the open country.
It was my first glimpse of the big world.
Since then, whenever I have had the opportunity, I have gone to the top of the tower and enjoyed myself. It was hard work, but it repaid in full the mere physical exertion of climbing a few stairs.
Besides, I knew what my reward would be. I would see the land and the sky, and I would listen to the stories of my kind friend the watchman, who lived in a small shack, built in a sheltered corner of the gallery. He looked after the clock and was a father to the bells, and he warned of fires, but he enjoyed many free hours and then he smoked a pipe and thought his own peaceful thoughts. He had gone to school almost fifty years before and he had rarely read a book, but he had lived on the top of his tower for so many years that he had absorbed the wisdom of that wide world which surrounded him on all sides.
History he knew well, for it was a living thing with him.“There,”he would say, pointing to a bend of the river,“there, my boy, do you see those trees? That is where the Prince of Orange cut the dikes to drown the land and save Leyden.”Or he would tell me the tale of the old Meuse, until the broad river ceased to be a convenient harbour and became a wonderful highroad, carrying the ships of De Ruyter and Tromp upon that famous last voyage, when they gave their lives that the sea might be free to all.
Then there were the little villages, clustering around the protecting church which once, many years ago, had been the home of their Patron Saints. In the distance we could see the leaning tower of Delft. Within sight of its high arches, William the Silent had been murdered and there Grotius had learned to construe his first Latin sentences. And still further away, the long low body of the church of Gouda, the early home of the man whose wit had proved mightier than the armies of many an emperor, the charity-boy whom the world came to know as Erasmus.
Finally the silver line of the endless sea and as a contrast, immediately below us, the patchwork of roofs and chimneys and houses and gardens and hospitals and schools and railways, which we called our home. But the tower showed us the old home in a new light. The confused commotion of the streets and the market-place, of the factories and the workshop, became the well-ordered expression of human energy and purpose. Best of all, the wide view of the glorious past, which surrounded us on all sides, gave us new courage to face the problems of the future when we had gone back to our daily tasks.
History is the mighty Tower of Experience, which Time has built amidst the endless fields of bygone ages. It is no easy task to reach the top of this ancient structure and get the benefit of the full view. There is no elevator, but young feet are strong and it can be done.
Here I give you the key that will open the door.
When you return, you too will understand the reason for my enthusiasm.

Hendrik Willem Van Loon.
前??言
漢斯和威廉：
我十二三歲的時候，一位讓我愛上書畫的叔叔許諾，要帶我參加一次難忘的探險活動。我將和他一起，登上鹿特丹古老的聖勞倫斯塔頂。
就這樣，在一個晴朗的日子裏，教堂司事拿著和聖彼得那把一樣大的鑰匙，打開一扇神秘之門。他說：“當你們迴來想齣來的時候，就按一下鈴。”伴隨銹跡斑斑、破爛老化的鉸鏈發齣的一陣刺耳的吱吱聲，他把我們和鬧市的嘈雜聲隔離開來，把我們鎖進瞭一個充滿新奇體驗的世界。
這是我有生以來第一次感受聽得見的寂靜。爬完第一段樓梯時，我對於自己有限的自然知識又有瞭一個新的發現——可觸摸到的黑暗。一根火柴給我們照亮瞭上去的路。我們爬到上麵一層，然後又一層。直到最後我已數不清是第幾層，但還是接著往上爬。突然，我們看到一片亮光。這一層與教堂的屋頂一樣高，當作儲藏室使用。這裏存放著一個寄托神聖信仰的廢棄物件，它錶麵覆蓋著厚厚的灰塵。許多年前，城中的良民拋棄瞭這個信仰。對我們的祖先來說，這些物件曾經意味著生與死，如今卻淪落為廢物。勤勞的老鼠在精雕細刻的神像裏建造自己的窩，一貫謹慎的蜘蛛也在一位和藹的聖徒伸開的手臂間忙碌。
再往上一層，我們纔知道先前的光綫從何而來。由於裝有粗重鐵欄的敞開的窗戶，讓這間身居高處而又人跡罕至的屋子變為成百上韆隻鴿子的棲息之地。風兒越過鐵欄，把神秘而優美的樂麯聲送到耳邊。其實，那隻不過是下麵市井的喧鬧之聲，但由於相距甚遠，聲音已經被淨化瞭。人們在工作中，韆方百計地發明提高效率的工具並用於生産實踐，於是齣現瞭大卡車的隆隆聲、馬蹄的叮當聲、起重機和滑輪的纏繞聲、耐心的蒸汽機發齣的嘶嘶聲。它們交織在一起，變成輕柔的、沙沙的耳語，襯托齣鴿子顫顫的咕咕聲的美妙動聽。
樓梯到頭瞭，就開始爬雲梯。第一段雲梯（這是一種很滑很古老的梯子，讓人覺得必須用腳小心試探著攀爬）頂端，是一個既新穎又偉大的奇觀，即本市的大鍾。這是時間的心髒。我可以聽到不停走動的秒針發齣沉重的脈動，一下——兩下——三下，直到六十下時突然響起一陣顫抖似的嘈雜聲，大鍾所有的齒輪似乎停止轉動，又一分鍾永遠地流逝瞭。然而時間不肯停步，又開始下一分鍾，一下——兩下——三下。這一陣警示的轟鳴和許多齒輪摩擦之後，雷鳴般的聲音在我們頭頂響起，它在告訴世人，現在是正午時分。
再上麵一層是鍾樓。那裏有靈巧可愛的小鍾和莊嚴得可怕的大鍾。大鍾在中間，每次在半夜聽到它被敲響時，我總會嚇得發抖，因為那說明發生瞭火災或水災。平時的大鍾孤獨而肅穆，似乎在迴想600年間，它與鹿特丹市民共同經曆的快樂和痛苦。在它的周圍掛著一些小鍾。這些小傢夥就像老式藥房裏藍色的瓶瓶罐罐一樣，整齊地排列著。村民每周來集市兩次，或做買賣，或瞭解世界新聞。這時，可愛的小鍾就會為他們演奏歡快的樂麯。還有一口黑色大鍾藏在一個角落裏，獨處一隅，遠離同伴，冷漠而威嚴——它就是喪鍾。
再上去的雲梯比我們先前攀爬的那些要陡得多、險得多。不過隻要堅持爬上去，你就看到突然而至的一片開闊的天空，清新的空氣撲麵而來——我們爬到瞭頂層。頭頂是天空，腳下是城市——玩具般的小城。小城裏麵到處是螞蟻般忙碌的人，來去匆匆地想著自己的事情。城邊的亂石堆之外則是空曠廣袤的田野。
那是我第一次看到這個大韆世界。
從那以後，隻要有機會，我就會爬到塔頂，獨自享受著這份快樂。盡管上塔頂是件苦差事，但爬樓梯不過費些體力，卻迴報豐厚。
況且我知道我的迴報會是什麼。綠地和藍天將被我盡收眼底，我可以聽好朋友講故事。他是塔樓的看護人，住在一個隱蔽角落處搭建的小屋子裏。他看護著時鍾，是這些鍾的父親。他還負責火災警報。在空閑時間，他就會吸著煙鬥，想著自己那些舒心的往事。大約50年前，他進過學堂，卻沒讀什麼書。在塔頂生活瞭這麼多年，被廣大的世界包圍著，他卻汲取瞭其中的智慧。
他精通曆史。在他看來，曆史是有生命的。他指著河流的一個轉彎處說：“那裏，在那裏，孩子，你看見那些樹瞭嗎？就是在那兒，奧蘭治親王挖掉堤壩，淹沒自己的土地，拯救瞭萊頓城。”有時，他也給我講老默茲河的傳說，一直講到這條寬廣的河流不再是便利的港口，而是神奇的交通要道，運送德?勒伊特和特羅姆普的戰艦踏上著名的最後徵程。這一次，他們為瞭讓天下人共享海洋，獻齣瞭自己的生命。
然後就看到一些小村落，環繞著保佑它們的教堂。許多年前，教堂曾是聖人保護者的傢。在遠處，我們可以看到代爾夫特斜塔。站在斜塔的高拱處，可以看到沉默者威廉遭暗殺的地方。也是在那裏，格勞修斯學會瞭造第一個拉丁句。再遠一點，是綿長低矮的高德教堂，那是著名的伊拉斯謨早年的傢。當時，他隻是孤兒院裏寄養的孩子，可曆史證明，他智慧的力量勝過任何一位國王的韆軍萬馬。
遙望遠處是漫無邊際的大海邊銀色的海岸綫。與之形成對比的是，就在我們腳下的屋頂、煙囪、房捨、花園、醫院、學校和鐵路，它們拼湊在一起，成瞭我們所謂的傢。但是塔樓讓我們用新的眼光來審視這個老傢。街道、集市、工廠和車間的喧鬧，昭示著人類的能力和目標。對厚重曆史的客觀審視，是最珍貴的解讀，它貫穿於我們生活的方方麵麵，會給我們新的勇氣，去麵對今後的人生。
曆史是氣勢磅礴的經驗之塔，是時間在逝去的歲月裏，在無邊的田野間建造起來的。要登上這座古老建築的頂部，大飽一覽全景的眼福，並非易事。塔樓沒有電梯，不過年輕人腿腳強勁有力，可以辦到。
現在，我給你們這把開啓大門的鑰匙。
當你們迴來的時候，就會徹底瞭解我為何如此熱心瞭。
亨德裏剋·威廉·房龍

評分☆☆☆☆☆

經常網購，總有大量的包裹收，有很多的評語要寫！ 但是，總是寫評語花掉瞭我大量的時間和精力！ 迴頭想想，我花瞭錢瞭，還要我花這麼多的時間和精力來寫評語是不是很不劃算？ 所以在一段時間裏，我總是不去評價或者隨便寫寫！ 但是，我又總是覺得好像有點對不住那些辛苦工作的賣傢客服、倉管、老闆。 於是我寫下瞭一小段話，給我覺得能拿到我五星好評的賣傢的寶貝評價裏麵以示感謝和尊敬！ 首先，寶貝是性價比很高的，我每次都會先試用再評價的，雖然寶貝不一定是最好的，但在同等的價位裏麵絕對是錶現最棒的。 其次，在與賣傢的溝通中，無論是前期谘詢還是後期詢問；賣傢都能好好解答。 另外，物流的速度也是可以接受的，偶爾有比較慢的物流，也希望大傢可以耐心等待，畢竟賣傢也不能控製物流的速度啊。 相反，賣傢比我們更希望能早日到貨，我們能早點付款啊！ 希望賣傢能再接再厲。把店鋪做得更大更強，提供更多更好的東西給大傢

評分☆☆☆☆☆

工具她倆在於它能不這麼著一

評分☆☆☆☆☆

買來學習英語。。。

評分☆☆☆☆☆

中英文雙語，湊單買的，很劃算，英文字體有點小。再大些就好些瞭。嗬嗬……嗬嗬……

評分☆☆☆☆☆

一直非常喜歡這類書籍，繼續支持

評分☆☆☆☆☆

京東購物挺好的，正品保障，買得放心。發貨快，自有物流超級給力。

評分☆☆☆☆☆

挺好的，挺好的，挺好的，挺好的，挺好的，挺好的，挺好的，挺好的，挺好的，挺好的，挺好的，挺好的，

評分☆☆☆☆☆

一直想買的，終於入手瞭！京東的活動實在，有誠意！為京東點贊！一直在京東買東西，京東購物的體驗，一如既往，物流快，包裝仔細，東西好，正品棒棒噠，傢人特彆滿意，好開心～網購首選京東沒錯的，就是放心。感謝京東，感謝快遞小哥，辛苦啦，祝你們天天快樂，幸福安康^_^

評分☆☆☆☆☆

書很不錯，支持是必須的，以後還會迴購。孩子最喜歡的啦。。。哈哈哈哈。