——哲學不會使我們富有,卻會令我們自由。——
The Story of Philosophy《哲學的故事》是美國哲學傢威爾?杜蘭特的經典力作。自問世以來,經久暢銷不衰。齣版頭一年連續再版22次,迅速譯成18種語言,掀起全球哲學熱潮。
本書是英文原版,用講故事的方法,介紹瞭有史以來的主要哲學傢的生平及其觀點,從蘇格拉底、柏拉圖、亞裏士多德到叔本華、尼采再到柏格森,羅素、杜威等。在闡述每位哲學傢思想的同時,生動地介紹瞭他們生活的時代背景、生活境遇和情感經曆。威爾?杜蘭特以其一貫的淵博學識、深入淺齣的行文,成功地將看似艱深的哲學寫得極富人情。因為,思想的發展也是一部激動人心的浪漫傳奇。
“杜蘭特首先是一個曆史學傢,他博聞強識,能將過去與當下融會貫通。也因此,他又被譽為20世紀重要的哲學傢之一。”   —— 杜威
“《哲學的故事》在普及哲學上做瞭一項開創性的工作。有的地方朗朗上口,令人想大聲讀齣來!”—— 威爾?羅傑斯(美國作傢,社會評論傢)
“《哲學的故事》或許還可以叫‘哲學之美’,因為威爾?杜蘭特對所有的思想賦予一種同等的愛和理解、批評和吸收。他的目的不僅僅是寫哲學史,而且讓我們隨同這些偉大的哲學傢們在思想領域一起探索進步。”——《星期六評論》
The Story of Philosophy chronicles the ideas of the great thinkers, the economic and intellectual environments which influenced them, and the personal traits and adventures out of which each philosophy grew.
A brilliant and concise account of the lives and ideas of the great philosophers—Plato, Aristotle, Bacon, Spinoza, Voltaire, Kant, Schopenhauer, Spencer, Nietzsche, Bergson, Croce, Russell, Santayana, James and Dewey—The Story of Philosophy is one of the great books of our time. Few write for the nonspecialist as well as Will Durant, and this book is a splendid example of his eminently readable scholarship. Durant's insight and wit never cease to dazzle; The Story of Philosophy is a key book for any reader who wishes to survey the history and development of philosophical ideas in the Western world.
威爾?杜蘭特(Will Durant,1885―1981),普利策奬和自由勛章獲得者。他用五十多年的時間寫就一係列廣受好評的重要著作,《哲學的故事》、十一捲本《世界文明史》(後幾捲是他和妻子阿裏爾的閤著)、《曆史上偉大的思想》等。其終生緻力於將哲學從學術象牙塔中解放齣來,讓它進入普通人的生活。《哲學的故事》齣版後,首年連續再版22次,迅速譯成18種語言,掀起瞭全球哲學熱潮。
WILL DURANT (1885-1981) was awarded the Pulitzer Prize (1968) and the Presidential Medal of Freedom (1977). He spent over fifty years writing his critically acclaimed eleven-volume series, The Story of Civilization (the later volumes written in conjunction with his wife, Ariel). A champion of human rights issues such as the brotherhood of man and social reform long before such issues were popular, Durant, through his writings, continues to educate and entertain readers the world over.
目 錄 Preface to the Second EditionPreface to the Second Edition
To the Reader
Introduction: On the Uses of Philosophy
Chapter 1: Plato
I. The Context of Plato 
II. Socrates
III. The Preparation of Plato
IV. The Ethical Problem
V. The Political Problem
VI. The Psychological Problem
VII. The Psychological Solution
VIII. The Political Solution
IX. The Ethical Solution
X. Criticism
Chapter 2: Aristotle and Greek Science
I. The Historical Background
II. The Work of Aristotle
III. The Foundation of Logic
IV. The Organization of Science
   1. Greek Science before Aristotle
   2. Aristotle as a Naturalist
   3. The Foundation of Biology
V. Metaphysics and the Nature of God
VI. Psychology and the Nature of Art
VII. Ethics and the Nature of Happiness
VIII. Politics
   1. Communism and Conservatism
   2. Marriage and Education
   3. Democracy and Aristocracy
IX. Criticism
X. Later Life and Death
Chapter 3: Francis Bacon
I. From Aristotle to the Renaissance
II. The Political Career of Francis Bacon
III. The Essays
IV. The Great Reconstruction
   1. The Advancement of Learning
   2. The New Organon
   3. The Utopia of Science
V. Criticism
VI. Epilogue
Chapter 4: Spinoza
I. Historical and Biographical
1. The Odyssey of the Jews
2. The Education of Spinoza
3. Excommunication
4. Retirement and Death
II. The Treatise on Religion and the State
III. The Improvement of the Intellect
IV. The Ethics
   1. Nature and God
   2. Matter and Mind
   3. Intelligence and Morals
   4. Religion and Immortality
V. The Political Treatise
VI. The Influence of Spinoza
Chapter 5: Voltaire and the French Enlightenment
I. Paris: ?dipe
II. London: Letters on the English
III. Cirey: The Romances
IV. Potsdam and Frederick
V. Les Délices: The Essay on Morals
VI. Ferney: Candide
VII. The Encyclopedia and the Philosophic Dictionary
VIII. Écrasez l’Infame
IX. Voltaire and Rousseau
X. Dénouement
Chapter 6: Immanuel Kant and German Idealism
I. Roads to Kant
   1. From Voltaire to Kant
   2. From Locke to Kant
   3. From Rousseau to Kant
II. Kant Himself
III. The Critique of Pure Reason
   1. Transcendental Esthetic
   2. Transcendental Analytic
   3. Transcendental Dialectic
IV. The Critique of Practical Reason
V. On Religion and Reason
VI. On Politics and Eternal Peace
VII. Criticism and Estimate
VIII. A Note on Hegel
Chapter 7: Schopenhauer
I. The Age
II. The Man
III. The World as Idea
IV. The World as Will
   1. The Will to Live
   2. The Will to Reproduce
V. The World as Evil
VI. The Wisdom of Life
   1. Philosophy
   2. Genius
   3. Art
   4. Religion
VII. The Wisdom of Death
VIII. Criticism
Chapter 8: Herbert Spencer
I. Comte and Darwin
II. The Development of Spencer
III. First Principles
   1. The Unknowable
   2. Evolution
IV. Biology: The Evolution of Life
V. Psychology: The Evolution of Mind
VI. Sociology: The Evolution of Society
VII. Ethics: The Evolution of Morals
VIII. Criticism
   1. First Principles
   2. Biology and Psychology
   3. Sociology and Ethics
IX. Conclusion
Chapter 9: Friedrich Nietzsche
I. The Lineage of Nietzsche
II. Youth
III. Nietzsche and Wagner
IV. The Song of Zarathustra
V. Hero-Morality
VI. The Superman
VII. Decadence
VIII. Aristocracy
IX. Criticism
X. Finale
Chapter 10: Contemporary European Philosophers
I. Henri Bergson
   1. The Revolt Against Materialism
   2. Mind and Brain
   3. Creative Evolution
   4. Criticism
II. Benedetto Croce
   1. The Man
   2. The Philosophy of the Spirit
   3. What Is Beauty?
   4. Criticism
III. Bertrand Russell
   1. The Logician
   2. The Reformer
   3. Epilogue
Chapter 11: Contemporary American Philosophers
Introduction
I. George Santayana
   1. Biographical
   2. Scepticism and Animal Faith
   3. Reason in Science
   4. Reason in Religion
   5. Reason in Society
   6. Comment
II. William James
   1. Personal
   2. Pragmatism
   3. Pluralism
   4. Comment
III. John Dewey
   1. Education
   2. Instrumentalism
   3. Science and Politics
Conclusion
Glossary
Index
翻閱的過程,更像是一場跨越時空的文化朝聖。我發現自己不止是在閱讀文字,更像是在與那些曆史上的巨匠們進行一場無聲的辯論。每當我讀到某個哲學傢對既有觀念的顛覆性挑戰時,總會忍不住停下來,閤上書,走到窗邊,凝視遠方,試圖在自己的生活經驗中尋找與之對應的現實投射。這種強迫性的內省,是這本書最寶貴的迴饋之一。它不像一些純粹的曆史記錄,僅僅羅列事實和觀點,而是真正激發瞭讀者的“批判性思維”的肌肉。它不要求你全盤接受任何一種學說,但它要求你必須對其進行審視、比較、乃至挑戰。正是這種不斷地“自我拷問”,讓原本冰冷的哲學概念,逐漸獲得瞭鮮活的生命力,融入瞭我對世界的理解框架之中。
評分這本書的封麵設計,初看之下,就透著一股沉靜而深邃的氣息。那種特有的米色調紙張,帶著時間沉澱後的質感,仿佛剛從某個古老的書架上被拂去灰塵。我喜歡這種不張揚的設計,它不像那些追求視覺衝擊力的暢銷書那樣喧嘩,而是更像一個老朋友的私語,邀請你沉下心來,開啓一場思想的旅程。裝幀的工藝也看得齣是下瞭功夫的,平裝本拿在手裏卻有一種意料之外的紮實感,書脊的摺痕預示著它將陪伴我度過漫長的閱讀時光,經受反復翻閱的洗禮。每一次將它從書架上取下,那種熟悉的紙張氣息和輕微的重量感,都在提醒我,我即將麵對的不是輕鬆的消遣,而是一場與人類智慧高塔的深度對話。那種期待感,是任何電子閱讀器都無法替代的,它關乎儀式感,關乎對知識的敬畏,也關乎我個人與紙質書之間難以割捨的情感聯結。
評分這本書的整體價值,在於它成功地架設瞭一座橫跨古今的知識橋梁,將原本看似高不可攀的“哲學”大眾化瞭,卻又未曾流於膚淺。它沒有急於給齣一個統一的“答案”,而是耐心地展示瞭人類理性是如何一步步探索、試錯、乃至自我否定的完整過程。讀完之後,我最大的感受並非是掌握瞭多少哲學流派的知識點,而是建立起瞭一種更具層次感的觀察世界的方式。當我再次麵對社會新聞、倫理睏境或是個人選擇時,我不再隻是憑藉本能反應,而是會下意識地調動起那些沉澱在腦海中的思想工具,去審視前提、考察邏輯鏈條。這是一種潛移默化的思維升級,它關乎我們如何更好地提問,而非僅僅滿足於接收現成的解答,這纔是閱讀任何經典著作所能獲得的最高饋贈。
評分從裝幀的角度看,平裝版本的便攜性無疑是一大優勢,它很容易被塞進背包的側袋,成為通勤路上的忠實伴侶。我曾多次在擁擠的地鐵車廂裏,伴隨著搖晃和噪音,沉浸於康德的先驗範疇之中。雖然紙張的韌性不如精裝本那般堅不可摧,但這種“可消耗性”的反倒帶來瞭一種親切感——它允許我肆意地在重要的段落旁畫綫、做批注,甚至摺起書角作為標記。這些痕跡,最終都會成為我個人閱讀路徑的地圖,記錄著我的睏惑、我的頓悟,以及那些被深刻觸動的心靈瞬間。對於我而言,一本好書的價值,不隻在於其內容,更在於它如何被我“使用”和“標記”的過程。
評分閱讀體驗的流暢性,對於這種宏大敘事的作品來說至關重要,而這本書在這方麵做得相當齣色。作者的筆觸,在我看來,簡直就像是一位技藝高超的導遊,他深知如何在浩瀚的哲學星空中為我們引路,既不會讓我們迷失在過於晦澀的術語泥潭裏,也不會因為過度簡化而喪失思想的精度。他似乎有一種魔力,能將那些動輒跨越數個世紀、盤根錯節的學說,以一種近乎講故事的生動方式娓娓道來。我尤其欣賞那種敘事節奏的把握,時而如同激流般磅礴,將關鍵人物的生平與時代背景熔鑄一體;時而又放緩下來,如同品茗般細緻地剖析某個核心概念的來龍去脈。這種張弛有度的節奏,極大地降低瞭初學者的閱讀門檻,讓人在不知不覺中,便已深入到柏拉圖的理念世界,或是尼采的權力意誌深處,絲毫沒有感受到那種傳統教材的枯燥和壓迫感。
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