具體描述
編輯推薦
《國外電子與通信教材係列:光電子學與光子學·原理與實踐(第2版)(英文版)》是在光電子和光子器件領域的一個最新的適閤本科階段的入門教科書,《國外電子與通信教材係列:光電子學與光子學·原理與實踐(第2版)(英文版)》力求采用盡可能少的數學推導而強調通過物理概念來說明原理,提供瞭許多例題,使得課本概念與實際器件相聯係,也提供瞭大量的練習題。
《國外電子與通信教材係列:光電子學與光子學·原理與實踐(第2版)(英文版)》有非常清楚的文字和圖,明確的解釋使得問題很容易理解。與眾不同的另一點是它既覆蓋瞭光子學基本麵,又具有較深的深度,包含瞭具體的器件設計和工程應用知識,將光子學和光電子基本理論與各種光子學應用相結閤。所以這是一本對本科生、研究生以及光電工程師都非常有用的教科書。 內容簡介
《國外電子與通信教材係列:光電子學與光子學·原理與實踐(第2版)(英文版)》的主要內容包括光的波動特性,介質波導和光縴,半導體科學基礎和LED,光放大器和激光器,光探測器和圖像傳感器,光的偏振和調製等。每個章節除瞭基本的題材,還給齣一些附加主題適當介紹先進技術和産品化光電子器件實例,擴大和深化讀者對基本內容的理解。
《國外電子與通信教材係列:光電子學與光子學·原理與實踐(第2版)(英文版)》力求采用盡可能少的數學推導而強調通過物理概念來說明原理,提供瞭許多例題,使得課本概念與實際器件相聯係,也提供瞭大量的練習題。 作者簡介
S.O.Kasap,是加拿大薩斯喀徹溫大學(University of Saskatchewan)電氣工程係教授以及加拿大電子材料與器件首席科學傢(Canada Research Chair)。他於1976年、1978年和1983年在倫敦大學帝國理工學院(Imperial College of Science。Technology and Medicine,University of London)分彆獲得學士、碩士和博士學位。他的研究興趣涵蓋瞭光電子材料與器件的許多方麵,如光子晶體光縴布拉格光柵、光通信、醫療成像、半導體器件的電氣噪聲特性等。S.O.Kasap已在權威國際期刊發錶多篇論文。他還是英國電氣工程師學會(IEE)、英國物理學會和英國材料學會的會士。目前,他是Journal of Materials Science的副主編。 目錄
Chapter 1 Wave Nature of Light
1.1 Light Waves in a Homogeneous Medium
1.2 Refractive Index and Dispersion
1.3 Group Velocity and Group Index
1.4 Magnetic Field, Irradiance, and Poynting Vector
1.5 Snell's Law and Total Internal Reflection (TIR)
1.6 Fresnel's Equations
1.7 Antireflection Coatings and Dielectric Mirrors
1.8 Absorption of Light and Complex Refractive Index
1.9 Temporal and Spatial Coherence
1.10 Superposition and Interference of Waves
1.11 Multiple Interference and Optical Resonators
1.12 Diffraction Principles
1.13 Interferometers
1.14 Thin Film Optics: Multiple Reflections in Thin Films
1.15 Multiple Reflections in Plates and Incoherent Waves
1.16 Scattering of Light
1.17 Photonic Crystals
Chapter 2 Dielectric Waveguides and Optical Fibers
2.1 Symmetric Planar Dielectric Slab Waveguide
2.2 Modal and Waveguide Dispersion in Planar
2.3 Step-Index Optical Fiber
2.4 Numerical Aperture
2.5 Dispersion In Single-Mode Fibers
2.6 Dispersion Modified Fibers and Compensation
2.7 Bit Rate, Dispersion, and Electrical and Optical Bandwidth
2.8 The Graded Index (GRIN) Optical Fiber
2.9 Attenuation in Optical Fibers
2.10 Fiber Manufacture
2.11 Wavelength Division Multiplexing: WDM
2.12 Nonlinear Effects in Optical Fibers and DWDM
2.13 Bragg Fibers
2.14 Photonic Crystal Fibers-Holey Fibers
2.15 Fiber Bragg Gratings and Sensors
Chapter 3 Semiconductor Science and Light-Emitting Diodes
3.1 Review of Semiconductor Concepts and Energy Bands
3.2 Semiconductor Statistics
3.3 Extrinsic Semiconductors
3.4 Direct and Indirect Bandgap Semiconductors:
3.5 pn Junction Principles
3.6 pn Junction Reverse Current
3.7 pn Junction Dynamic Resistance and Capacitances
3.8 Recombination Lifetime
3.9 pn Junction Band Diagram
3.10 Heterojunctions
3.11 Light-Emitting Diodes: Principles
3.12 Quantum Well High Intensity LEDs
3.13 LED Materials and Structures
3.14 LED Efficiencies and Luminous Flux
3.15 Basic LED Characteristics
3.16 LEDs for Optical Fiber Communications
3.17 Phosphors and White LEDs
3.18 LED Electronics
Chapter 4 Stimulated Emission Devices: Optical Amplifiers and Lasers
4.1 Stimulated Emission, Photon Amplification, and Lasers
4.2 Stimulated Emission Rate and Emission Cross-Section
4.3 Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifiers
4.4 Gas Lasers: The He-Ne Laser
4.5 The Output Spectrum of a Gas Laser
4.6 Laser Oscillations: Threshold Gain Coefficient
4.7 Broadening of the Optical Gain Curve and Linewidth
4.8 Pulsed Lasers: Q-Switching and Mode Locking
4.9 Principle of the Laser Diode
4.10 Heterostructure Laser Diodes
4.11 Quantum Well Devices
4.12 Elementary Laser Diode Characteristics
4.13 Steady State Semiconductor Rate Equations:
4.14 Single Frequency Semiconductor Lasers
4.15 Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Lasers
4.16 Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers
4.17 Superluminescent and Resonant Cavity Leds:
4.18 Direct Modulation of Laser Diodes
4.19 Holography
Chapter 5 Photodetectors and Image Sensors
5.1 Principle of the pn Junction Photodiode
5.2 Shockley-Ramo Theorem and External Photocurrent
5.3 Absorption Coefficient and Photodetector Materials
5.4 Quantum Efficiency and Responsivity
5.5 The pin Photodiode
5.6 Avalanche Photodiode
5.7 Heterojunction Photodiodes
5.8 Schottky Junction Photodetector
5.9 Phototransistors
5.10 Photoconductive Detectors and Photoconductive
5.11 Basic Photodiode Circuits
5.12 Noise in Photodetectors
5.13 Image Sensors
5.14 Photovoltaic Devices: Solar Cells
Chapter 6 Polarization and Modulation of Light
6.1 Polarization
6.2 Light Propagation in an Anisotropic Medium:
6.3 Birefringent Optical Devices
6.4 Optical Activity and Circular Birefringence
6.5 Liquid Crystal Displays
6.6 Electro-Optic Effects
6.7 Integrated Optical Modulators
6.8 Acousto-Optic Modulator
6.9 Faraday Rotation and Optical Isolators
6.10 Nonlinear Optics and Second Harmonic Generation
6.11 Jones Vectors
…… 前言/序言
Preface
The first edition of this book was written more than 12 years ago. At the time it was meant as an easy-to-read book for third-year engineering or applied physics undergraduate students;it emphasized qualitative explanations and relied heavily on intuitive derivations. As things turned out, the first edition ended up being used in fourth-year elective classes, and even in graduate courses on optoelectronics. Many of the instructors teaching at that level rightly needed better derivations, more rigor, better explanations, and, of course, many more topics and problems. We have all at one time or another suffered from how wrong some intuitive short-cut derivations can be. The second edition was therefore prepared by essentially rewriting the text almost from scratch with much better rigor and explanations, but without necessarily dwelling on mathematical details. Many new exciting practical examples have been introduced, and numerous new problems have been added. The book also had to be totally modernized given that much had happened in the intervening 12 years that deserved being covered in an undergraduate course.
Features, Changes, and Revisions in the Second Edition
The second edition represents a total revision of the first edition, with numerous additional features and enhancements.
All chapters have been totally revised and extended.
Numerous modern topics in photonics have been added to all the chapters.
There are Additional Topics that can be covered in more advanced courses, or in courses that run over two semesters.
There are many more new examples and solved prblems within chapters, and many more practical end-of-chapter problems that start from basic concepts and build up onto advanced applications.
Nearly all the illustrations and artwork in the first edition have been revised and redrawn to better reflect the concepts.
Numerous new illustrations have been added to convey the concepts as clearly as possible.
Photographs have been added, where appropriate, to enhance the readability of the book and to illustrate typical modern photonic/optoelectronic devices.
The previous edition’s Chapter 7 on photovoltaics has been incorporated into this edition’s Chapter 5 as an Additional Topic, thus allowing more photonics-related topics to be covered.
Advanced or complicated mathematical derivations are avoided and, instead, the emphasis is placed on concepts and engineering applications.
Useful and essential equations in photonics are given with explanations and are used in examples and problems to give the student a sense of what typical values are.
Cross referencing in the second edition has been avoided as much as possible, without too much repetition, to allow various sections and chapters to be skipped as desired by the reader.
There is greater emphasis on practical or engineering examples; care has been taken to consider various photonics/optoelectronics courses at the undergraduate level across major universities.
The second edition is supported by an extensive PowerPoint presentation for instructors who have adopted the book for their course. The PowerPoint slides have all the illustrations in color, and include additional color photos. The basic concepts and equations are also highlighted in additional slides. There are also numerous slides with examples and solved problems. Instructors should visit www.pearsoninternationaleditions.com/kasap to access the PowerPoints.
The second edition is also supported by an extensive Solutions Manual for instructors only. This is available from the publisher at www.pearsoninternationaleditions/kasap.
The second edition continues to represent a first course in optoelectronic materials and devices suitable for a half- or one-semester course at the undergraduate level either at the thirdor fourth-year level in electrical engineering, engineering physics, and materials science and engineering departments. With its additional topics, it can also be used as an introductory textbook at the graduate level. Normally the students would not have covered Maxwell’s equations. Although Maxwell’s equations are mentioned in the text to alert the student, they are not used in developing the principles. It is assumed that the students would have taken a basic first- or second-year physics course, with modern physics, and would have seen rudimentary concepts in geometrical optics, interference, and diffraction, but not Fresnel’s equations and concepts such as group velocity and group index. Typically an optoelectronics course would be given either after a semiconductor devices course or concurrently with it. Students would have been exposed to elementary quantum mechanics concepts, perhaps in conjunction with a basic semiconductor science course.
Most topics are initially introduced through qualitative explanations to allow the concept to be grasped first before any mathematical development. The mathematical level is assumed to include vectors, complex numbers, and partial differentiation but excludes reliance on Fourier transforms. On the one hand, we are required to cover as much as possible and, on the other hand, professional engineering accreditation requires students to solve numerical problems and carry out “design calculations.” In preparing the text, I tried to satisfy engineering degree accreditation requirements in as much breadth as possible. Obviously one cannot solve numerical problems, carry out design calculations, and at the same time derive each equation without expanding the size of the text to an intolerable level. I have missed many topics but I have also covered many, though, undoubtedly, it is my own very biased selection.
I would like to thank two very special colleagues, whom I have known for a very long time, for their comments and help: Harry Ruda (University of Toronto) and Raman Kashyap (école Polytechnique de Montréal)—two perfect gentlemen who read some of the manuscript and made valuable criticisms toward this final version. write to me with your comments. Although I may not be able to reply to each individual comment and suggestion, I do read all my email messages and take good note of suggestions and comments. Many instructors did, in fact, write to me on the first edition, pointed out how things could have been done better, and various mistakes one never seems to be able to eliminate totally. I hope that the second edition will at least go far in satisfying some of their criticisms. There is an important old adage that goes something like this (somewhat paraphrased), “a good diagram is worth a thousand words, but a bad diagram takes a thousand words to explain.” I used a software package called Canvas to draw nearly all the line-art in the second edition as clearly as possible, and errors are all mea culpa; feel free to email me the errors you notice in the figures. All third-party artwork and photographs have been used with permission; and I’m grateful to Pearson Education for meticulously obtaining permission from copyright holders. If you like the second edition, and cannot wait for the third, you can always write your comments and recommendations directly to the Sponsoring Editor for Electrical Engineering, Pearson Higher Education, One Lake Street, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458, USA. This is the best way to have your input heard.
Resources for Instructors
Instructor’s Solutions Manual. An instructor’s solutions manual was prepared by the author.
Presentation Resources. All art from the text is available in PowerPoint slide and JPEG format.
These files are available for download from the instructor Resource Center at
Kasap. If you are in need of a login and password for this site, please contact your local Pearson Prentice-Hall representative.
《光學物理學:基礎與前沿》 內容簡介 本書是一本深度探討光學物理學原理及其在各個領域最新應用的研究專著。它旨在為光學、物理學、電子工程、材料科學等相關專業的學生、研究人員和工程師提供一個全麵而係統的知識體係,並引導讀者理解光學現象背後的深刻物理機製。本書內容涵蓋瞭從經典光學的基礎理論,到現代光子學的前沿發展,力求在理論嚴謹性與實踐應用性之間找到最佳的平衡點。 第一部分:經典光學基礎 本書的開篇從經典光學最核心的概念入手,逐步深入。 光的波動性與乾涉、衍射: 詳細闡述瞭光作為一種電磁波的本質,並通過詳實的數學推導和圖示,解釋瞭楊氏雙縫乾涉、菲涅爾衍射、夫琅禾費衍射等經典實驗現象。重點分析瞭乾涉條紋的形成條件、衍射圖案的規律以及不同孔徑和障礙物對衍射行為的影響。此外,本書還介紹瞭薄膜乾涉、光柵衍射等更復雜的乾涉和衍射現象,並探討瞭它們在光譜分析、光學測量等方麵的應用。 光的偏振: 深入剖析瞭光的偏振現象,包括綫偏振、圓偏振、橢圓偏振的形成與錶徵。本書介紹瞭産生偏振光的方法,如反射、摺射、散射和雙摺射,並詳細講解瞭偏振片、波片等光學元件的工作原理。偏振在液晶顯示、光學成像、光通信等領域的應用將得到充分的討論。 光的吸收、反射與摺射: 詳細介紹瞭光與物質相互作用的基本規律。在吸收方麵,闡述瞭物質對不同波長光的選擇性吸收,以及吸收係數、消光係數等概念。在反射方麵,區分瞭鏡麵反射和漫反射,並介紹瞭惠更斯原理在解釋反射規律中的作用。在摺射方麵,深入講解瞭斯涅爾定律,並分析瞭全反射現象及其在光縴傳輸中的關鍵作用。 幾何光學與成像原理: 基於光的直綫傳播假設,本書係統地闡述瞭透鏡、反射鏡的成像原理,包括焦距、放大率、像的位置等。詳細分析瞭單透鏡成像、多透鏡成像係統,如望遠鏡、顯微鏡的成像特點。同時,也討論瞭像差的産生及其校正方法,為理解復雜光學係統的設計奠定基礎。 第二部分:量子光學與光與物質相互作用 隨著科學的發展,對光的量子本質的理解成為光學研究的重點。本部分將深入探討量子光學及其在光與物質相互作用中的錶現。 光子的概念與光電效應: 介紹瞭普朗剋的量子假說和愛因斯坦的光子說,解釋瞭光電效應的實驗現象及其意義,包括截止頻率、飽和光電流等。本書將從量子力學的角度分析光子的能量和動量,以及光子與電子的能量交換過程。 受激發射與激光原理: 詳盡闡述瞭愛因斯坦的受激發射和自發發射理論,這是激光器産生的理論基石。本書詳細介紹瞭激光器的基本組成部分,包括增益介質、諧振腔和抽運源,並深入分析瞭激光器的工作原理、閾值條件、光束特性(單色性、方嚮性、相乾性、高亮度)以及不同類型的激光器(如氣體激光器、固體激光器、半導體激光器)。 光與原子、分子的相互作用: 深入研究瞭光與物質之間的量子力學相互作用。包括原子和分子的能級結構,以及它們如何吸收和發射特定頻率的光子。拉曼散射、熒光、磷光等現象將被詳細解釋,並探討它們在光譜分析、生物成像等領域的應用。 光學非綫性現象: 隨著高強度激光器的發展,光學非綫性現象的研究變得尤為重要。本書將介紹二次諧波産生(SHG)、三次諧波産生(THG)、自聚焦、自相位調製等非綫性光學效應。這些現象在光信號處理、頻率轉換、新型光學材料開發等方麵具有廣泛的應用前景。 第三部分:現代光子學與前沿應用 本部分將聚焦於光子學領域最前沿的技術和應用,展示光學物理學如何驅動現代科技的進步。 光縴光學與通信: 詳細闡述瞭光縴作為光傳輸媒介的原理,包括全反射、光縴的模式理論、色散和損耗。本書將重點介紹光縴通信係統的組成,如光源、調製器、光縴傳輸、光放大器和接收器,並討論光縴通信在現代信息社會中的關鍵作用。 半導體光電器件: 深入分析瞭半導體材料的光學特性和電子特性,以及它們如何結閤形成各種光電器件。包括發光二極管(LED)、激光二極管(LD)、光電二極管(PD)、光電探測器(APD)等。本書將解釋這些器件的工作原理、性能參數及其在顯示技術、通信、傳感等領域的應用。 光存儲與信息技術: 探討瞭光學原理在信息存儲技術中的應用,從早期的光盤(CD、DVD)到未來的全息存儲技術。本書將介紹信息編碼、解碼、讀寫的基本原理,並展望光學存儲技術在提升信息存儲密度和速度方麵的潛力。 光傳感與測量技術: 詳細介紹瞭利用光學原理進行精密測量的各種技術,如乾涉測量、全息測量、光縴傳感、激光雷達(LiDAR)等。這些技術在工業檢測、環境監測、醫療診斷、科學研究等領域發揮著不可替代的作用。 納米光子學與超材料: 這是一個極具活力的新興領域。本書將介紹納米尺度下光與物質的相互作用,以及如何設計和製造具有特殊光學性能的納米結構和超材料。包括錶麵等離激元(plasmonics)、超錶麵(metasurfaces)等概念,以及它們在光捕獲、隱身技術、高效催化等方麵的潛在應用。 結語 《光學物理學:基礎與前沿》力求為讀者提供一個全麵、深入、與時俱進的光學知識體係。通過理論闡述、公式推導、實例分析和前沿展望,本書希望能夠激發讀者對光學物理學的濃厚興趣,培養其解決復雜光學問題的能力,並為他們未來的研究和創新工作提供堅實的基礎。本書適閤作為高等院校相關專業的教材或參考書,也是光學領域研究人員和工程師不可或缺的參考讀物。