粒子的統計物理學 pdf epub mobi txt 電子書 下載 2025

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[美] 卡達 著

齣版社： 世界圖書齣版公司

ISBN：9787510005657

版次：1

商品編碼：10184611

包裝：平裝

開本：16開

齣版時間：2010-04-01

用紙：膠版紙

頁數：320

內容簡介

　　統計物理是利用物質基本組成成份來研究物質的整體性質，它在量子力學發展中發揮瞭重要的作用。本書根據作者20多年來在麻省理工學院講授粒子統計物理的課程講義編寫而成，主要講解統計物理學的基本概念和處理實際問題的方法。在講述完熱力學基礎後，作者專門講解瞭常用數學工具如概率論和中心極限定理。本書內容還包括相互作用粒子，van der Waals方程及其推導，經典和量子統計力學以及信息論中的相關問題。本書附有習題，並在全書結尾處給齣部分答案。閱讀本書時可以參考作者的另外一本專著《場的統計物理》，主要介紹利用重整化群等非平均場方法研究標度律和臨界現象。目次：熱力學；概率論；氣體動力學理論；經典統計力學；相互作用的粒子；量子統計力學；理想量子氣體；部分習題解答；索引。

作者簡介

　　MEHRAN KARDAR is Professor of Physics at MIT, where he has taught and researched in the field of statistical physics for the past 20 years. He received his B.A. at Cambridge, and gained his Ph.D. at MIT. Professor Kardar has held research and visiting positions as a junior Fellow at Harvard,Guggenheim Fellow at Oxford, UCSB, and at Berkeley as a Miller Fellow.

目錄

Preface
1 Thermodynamics
1.1 Introduction
1.2 The zeroth law
1.3 The first law
1.4 The second law
1.5 Carnot engines
1.6 Entropy
1.7 Approach to equilibrium and thermodynamic potentials
1.8 Useful mathematical results
1.9 Stability conditions
1.10 The third law
Problems
2 Probability
2.1 General definitions
2.2 One random variable
2.3 Some important probability distributions
2.4 Many random variables
2.5 Sums of random variables and the central limit theorem
2.6 Rules for large numbers
2.7 Information, entropy, and estimation
Problems
3 Kinetic theory of gases
3.1 General definitions
3.2 Liouvilles theorem
3.3 The Bogoliubov-Born--Green-Kirkwood-Yvon hierarchy
3.4 The Boltzmann equation
3.5 The H-theorem and irreversibility
3.6 Equilibrium properties
3.7 Conservation laws
3.8 Zeroth-order hydrodynamics
3.9 First-order hydrodynamics
Problems
4 Classical statistical mechanics
4.1 General definitions
4.2 The microcanonical ensemble
4.3 Two-level systems
4.4 The ideal gas
4.5 Mixing entropy and the Gibbs paradox
4.6 The canonical ensemble
4.7 Canonical examples
4.8 The Gibbs canonical ensemble
4.9 The grand canonical ensemble
Problems
5 Intenmeting particles
5.1 The cumulant expansion
5.2 The cluster expansion
5.3 The second virial coefficient and van der Waals equation
5.4 Breakdown of the van der Waals equation
5.5 Mean-field theory of condensation
5.6 Variational methods
5.7 Corresponding states
5.8 Critical point behavior
Problems
6 Quantum statistical mechanics
6.1 Dilute polyatomic gases
6.2 Vibrations of a solid
6.3 Black-body radiation
6.4 Quantum microstates
6.5 Quantum macrostates
Problems
7 Ideal quantum gases
7.1 Hilbert space of identical particles
7.2 Canonical formulation
7.3 Grand canonical formulation
7.4 Non-relativistic gas
7.5 The degenerate fermi gas
7.6 The degenerate bose gas
7.7 Superfiuid Hen
Problems
Solutions to selected problems
Chapter 1
Chapter 2
Chapter 3
Chapter 4
Chapter 5
Chapter 6
Chapter 7
Index

前言/序言

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